Depressive Symptoms and Their Relation to Age and Chronic Diseases Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Rural South Africa.
Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
/ psychology
Depression
/ epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus
/ epidemiology
Female
HIV Infections
/ epidemiology
Humans
Hypertension
/ epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Overweight
/ epidemiology
Rural Population
South Africa
/ epidemiology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Depression
South Africa
chronic diseases
Journal
The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
ISSN: 1758-535X
Titre abrégé: J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9502837
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
16 05 2019
16 05 2019
Historique:
received:
06
09
2017
pubmed:
26
6
2018
medline:
25
2
2020
entrez:
26
6
2018
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Understanding how depression is associated with chronic conditions and sociodemographic characteristics can inform the design and effective targeting of depression screening and care interventions. In this study, we present some of the first evidence from sub-Saharan Africa on the association between depressive symptoms and a range of chronic conditions (diabetes, HIV, hypertension, and obesity) as well as sociodemographic characteristics. A questionnaire was administered to a population-based simple random sample of 5,059 adults aged 40 years and older in Agincourt, South Africa. Depressive symptoms were measured using a modified version of the eight-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression screening tool. Diabetes was assessed using a capillary blood glucose measurement and HIV using a dried blood spot. 17.0% (95% confidence interval: 15.9%-18.1%) of participants had at least three depressive symptoms. None of the chronic conditions were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in multivariable regressions. Older age was the strongest correlate of depressive symptoms with those aged 80 years and older having on average 0.63 (95% confidence interval: 0.40-0.86; p < .001) more depressive symptoms than those aged 40-49 years. Household wealth quintile and education were not significant correlates. This study provides some evidence that the positive associations of depression with diabetes, HIV, hypertension, and obesity that are commonly reported in high-income settings might not exist in rural South Africa. Our finding that increasing age is strongly associated with depressive symptoms suggests that there is a particularly high need for depression screening and treatment among the elderly adults in rural South Africa.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Understanding how depression is associated with chronic conditions and sociodemographic characteristics can inform the design and effective targeting of depression screening and care interventions. In this study, we present some of the first evidence from sub-Saharan Africa on the association between depressive symptoms and a range of chronic conditions (diabetes, HIV, hypertension, and obesity) as well as sociodemographic characteristics.
METHODS
A questionnaire was administered to a population-based simple random sample of 5,059 adults aged 40 years and older in Agincourt, South Africa. Depressive symptoms were measured using a modified version of the eight-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression screening tool. Diabetes was assessed using a capillary blood glucose measurement and HIV using a dried blood spot.
RESULTS
17.0% (95% confidence interval: 15.9%-18.1%) of participants had at least three depressive symptoms. None of the chronic conditions were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in multivariable regressions. Older age was the strongest correlate of depressive symptoms with those aged 80 years and older having on average 0.63 (95% confidence interval: 0.40-0.86; p < .001) more depressive symptoms than those aged 40-49 years. Household wealth quintile and education were not significant correlates.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides some evidence that the positive associations of depression with diabetes, HIV, hypertension, and obesity that are commonly reported in high-income settings might not exist in rural South Africa. Our finding that increasing age is strongly associated with depressive symptoms suggests that there is a particularly high need for depression screening and treatment among the elderly adults in rural South Africa.
Identifiants
pubmed: 29939214
pii: 5043151
doi: 10.1093/gerona/gly145
pmc: PMC6521913
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
957-963Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 058893/Z/99/A
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 069683/Z/02/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 085477/Z/08/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P01 AG041710
Pays : United States
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 085477/B/08/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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