Curcuminoids and Novel Opportunities for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Which Molecules are Actually Effective?
Alzheimer disease
TRP channels
clinical trials
curcuminoids
ferulic acid
turmeric.
Journal
Current molecular pharmacology
ISSN: 1874-4702
Titre abrégé: Curr Mol Pharmacol
Pays: United Arab Emirates
ID NLM: 101467997
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2019
2019
Historique:
received:
15
07
2018
revised:
30
09
2018
accepted:
08
10
2018
pubmed:
16
10
2018
medline:
18
6
2019
entrez:
16
10
2018
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Millions of people worldwide are suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD), and there are only symptomatic treatments available for this disease. Thus, there is a great need to identify drugs capable of arresting or reversing AD. Constituents of the spice turmeric, in particular, curcuminoids, seem to be very promising, as evident from in vitro experiments and tests using animal models of AD. However, most of the clinical trials did not reveal any beneficial effects of curcuminoids in the treatment of AD. These controversies, including conflicting results of clinical trials, are thought to be related to bioavailability of curcuminoids, which is low unless it is enhanced by developing a special formulation. However, there is growing evidence suggesting that other reasons may be of even greater importance, but these avenues are less explored. Review relevant literature, and analyze potential reasons for the controversial results. Recent in vitro and preclinical studies; clinical trials (without a limiting period) were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar. While recent in vitro and preclinical studies confirm the therapeutic potential of curcuminoids in the treatment of AD and cognitive dysfunctions, results of corresponding clinical trials remain rather controversial. The controversial results obtained in the clinical trials may be in part due to particularities of the curcuminoid formulations other than bioavailability. Namely, it seems likely that the various formulations differ in terms of their minor turmeric constituent(s). We hypothesize that these distinctions may be of key importance for efficacy of the particular formulation in clinical trials. A testable approach addressing this hypothesis is suggested.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Millions of people worldwide are suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD), and there are only symptomatic treatments available for this disease. Thus, there is a great need to identify drugs capable of arresting or reversing AD. Constituents of the spice turmeric, in particular, curcuminoids, seem to be very promising, as evident from in vitro experiments and tests using animal models of AD. However, most of the clinical trials did not reveal any beneficial effects of curcuminoids in the treatment of AD. These controversies, including conflicting results of clinical trials, are thought to be related to bioavailability of curcuminoids, which is low unless it is enhanced by developing a special formulation. However, there is growing evidence suggesting that other reasons may be of even greater importance, but these avenues are less explored.
OBJECTIVE
Review relevant literature, and analyze potential reasons for the controversial results.
METHODOLOGY
Recent in vitro and preclinical studies; clinical trials (without a limiting period) were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar.
RESULTS
While recent in vitro and preclinical studies confirm the therapeutic potential of curcuminoids in the treatment of AD and cognitive dysfunctions, results of corresponding clinical trials remain rather controversial.
CONCLUSION
The controversial results obtained in the clinical trials may be in part due to particularities of the curcuminoid formulations other than bioavailability. Namely, it seems likely that the various formulations differ in terms of their minor turmeric constituent(s). We hypothesize that these distinctions may be of key importance for efficacy of the particular formulation in clinical trials. A testable approach addressing this hypothesis is suggested.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30318014
pii: CMP-EPUB-93657
doi: 10.2174/1874467211666181012150847
doi:
Substances chimiques
Acid Sensing Ion Channels
0
Amyloid beta-Peptides
0
Insulin
0
Transient Receptor Potential Channels
0
Cholinesterases
EC 3.1.1.8
Curcumin
IT942ZTH98
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
12-26Informations de copyright
Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.