Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and uptake of hepatitis B vaccine among healthcare workers, Makueni County, Kenya 2017.
Adult
Aged
Female
Health Personnel
/ statistics & numerical data
Hepatitis B
/ epidemiology
Hepatitis B Antibodies
/ blood
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
/ blood
Hepatitis B Vaccines
/ therapeutic use
Hepatitis B virus
Humans
Kenya
/ epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Prevalence
Surveys and Questionnaires
Young Adult
healthcare workers
hepatitis B Virus
hepatitis B vaccine
prevalence
Journal
Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
ISSN: 1741-3850
Titre abrégé: J Public Health (Oxf)
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101188638
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
20 12 2019
20 12 2019
Historique:
received:
01
08
2018
revised:
10
09
2018
pubmed:
24
10
2018
medline:
25
6
2020
entrez:
24
10
2018
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a vaccine-preventable infection that can spread in healthcare setting. Data on HBV infections and vaccine in African healthcare workers (HCWs) are limited. We estimated HBV infection prevalence, hepatitis B vaccination status and identified factors associated with vaccination in one Kenyan county. Randomly selected HCWs completed a questionnaire about HBV exposure and self-reported immunization histories, and provided blood for testing of selected HBV biomarkers to assess HBV infection and vaccination status: HBV core antibodies (anti-HBc), HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV surface antibodies (anti-HBs). Prevalence odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to identify factors associated with vaccination. Among 312 HCWs surveyed, median age was 31 years (range: 19-67 years). Of 295 blood samples tested, 13 (4%) were anti-HBc and HBsAg-positive evidencing chronic HBV infection; 139 (47%) had protective anti-HBs levels. Although 249 (80%) HCWs received ≥1 HBV vaccine dose, only 119 (48%) received all three recommended doses. Complete vaccination was more likely among those working in hospitals compared to those working in primary healthcare facilities (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.4-4.3). We recommend strengthening county HCW vaccination, and collecting similar data nationally to guide HBV prevention and control.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a vaccine-preventable infection that can spread in healthcare setting. Data on HBV infections and vaccine in African healthcare workers (HCWs) are limited. We estimated HBV infection prevalence, hepatitis B vaccination status and identified factors associated with vaccination in one Kenyan county.
METHODS
Randomly selected HCWs completed a questionnaire about HBV exposure and self-reported immunization histories, and provided blood for testing of selected HBV biomarkers to assess HBV infection and vaccination status: HBV core antibodies (anti-HBc), HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV surface antibodies (anti-HBs). Prevalence odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to identify factors associated with vaccination.
RESULTS
Among 312 HCWs surveyed, median age was 31 years (range: 19-67 years). Of 295 blood samples tested, 13 (4%) were anti-HBc and HBsAg-positive evidencing chronic HBV infection; 139 (47%) had protective anti-HBs levels. Although 249 (80%) HCWs received ≥1 HBV vaccine dose, only 119 (48%) received all three recommended doses. Complete vaccination was more likely among those working in hospitals compared to those working in primary healthcare facilities (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.4-4.3).
CONCLUSION
We recommend strengthening county HCW vaccination, and collecting similar data nationally to guide HBV prevention and control.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30351408
pii: 5142651
doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy186
doi:
Substances chimiques
Hepatitis B Antibodies
0
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
0
Hepatitis B Vaccines
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
765-771Subventions
Organisme : PEPFAR
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.