Anemia of inflammation.
Journal
Blood
ISSN: 1528-0020
Titre abrégé: Blood
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7603509
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 01 2019
03 01 2019
Historique:
received:
06
06
2018
accepted:
29
07
2018
pubmed:
8
11
2018
medline:
21
8
2019
entrez:
8
11
2018
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Anemia of inflammation (AI), also known as anemia of chronic disease (ACD), is regarded as the most frequent anemia in hospitalized and chronically ill patients. It is prevalent in patients with diseases that cause prolonged immune activation, including infection, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. More recently, the list has grown to include chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, chronic pulmonary diseases, and obesity. Inflammation-inducible cytokines and the master regulator of iron homeostasis, hepcidin, block intestinal iron absorption and cause iron retention in reticuloendothelial cells, resulting in iron-restricted erythropoiesis. In addition, shortened erythrocyte half-life, suppressed erythropoietin response to anemia, and inhibition of erythroid cell differentiation by inflammatory mediators further contribute to AI in a disease-specific pattern. Although the diagnosis of AI is a diagnosis of exclusion and is supported by characteristic alterations in iron homeostasis, hypoferremia, and hyperferritinemia, the diagnosis of AI patients with coexisting iron deficiency is more difficult. In addition to treatment of the disease underlying AI, the combination of iron therapy and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents can improve anemia in many patients. In the future, emerging therapeutics that antagonize hepcidin function and redistribute endogenous iron for erythropoiesis may offer additional options. However, based on experience with anemia treatment in chronic kidney disease, critical illness, and cancer, finding the appropriate indications for the specific treatment of AI will require improved understanding and a balanced consideration of the contribution of anemia to each patient's morbidity and the impact of anemia treatment on the patient's prognosis in a variety of disease settings.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30401705
pii: S0006-4971(20)42890-3
doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-06-856500
pmc: PMC6536698
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
40-50Subventions
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK065029
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2019 by The American Society of Hematology.
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