Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer Clinical Assessment Score in Systemic Sclerosis.

Adult Aged Disability Evaluation Female Health Status Humans Male Middle Aged Quality of Life Scleroderma, Systemic / complications Severity of Illness Index Skin Ulcer / diagnosis Symptom Assessment
DIGITAL ULCER DISEASE ACTIVITY SCORE OUTCOME MEASURES SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS WOUNDS AND INJURIES

Journal

The Journal of rheumatology
ISSN: 0315-162X
Titre abrégé: J Rheumatol
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 7501984

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
06 2019
Historique:
accepted: 09 08 2018
pubmed: 18 11 2018
medline: 8 9 2020
entrez: 17 11 2018
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

To date, "healed/non-healed" and clinical judgment are the only available assessment tools for digital ulcers (DU) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of our study is to examine a preliminary composite DU clinical assessment score (DUCAS) for SSc for face, content, and construct validity. Patients with SSc presenting at least 1 finger DU were enrolled and assessed with the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index, Cochin scale, visual analog scale (VAS) for DU-related pain, patient global DU status, and global assessment as patient-reported outcomes (PRO), and physician VAS for DU status (phyGDU) as an SSc-DU expert physician/nurse measure. The DUCAS included 7 DU-related variables selected by a committee of SSc DU experts and weighted on a clinical basis. Face validity was examined by consensus and partial construct validity was tested through convergent correlation with other measures of hand function, using Spearman's correlations. A range of patients with SSc was examined. A linear regression model with backward stepwise analysis was used to determine the relationship of individual variables with the primary clinical parameter, phyGDU. Forty-four patients with SSc (9 males, mean age 55 ± 15 yrs, mean disease duration 9.9 ± 5.8 yrs) were enrolled in the study. Overall DUCAS showed significant positive correlations with all abovementioned PRO (r > 0.4, p < 0.01). When all scores and scales were modeled, only DUCAS significantly predicted phyGDU (r = 0.59, R Preliminarily, we suggest that the DUCAS may be a new clinical score for SSc-related DU, having face and content validity and convergent/divergent correlations (construct validity). These early data suggest that this score deserves further evaluation.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.171486 PMID: 30442833
pubmed: 30442833
pii: jrheum.171486
doi: 10.3899/jrheum.171486
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Validation Study

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

603-608

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn

Auteurs

Cosimo Bruni (C)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. cosimobruni85@gmail.com.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion. cosimobruni85@gmail.com.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors. cosimobruni85@gmail.com.

Tanaka Ngcozana (T)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Francesca Braschi (F)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Tiziana Pucci (T)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Guya Piemonte (G)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Laura Benelli (L)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Melissa Poli (M)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Yossra A Suliman (YA)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Serena Guiducci (S)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Silvia Bellando-Randone (S)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Silvia Balduzzi (S)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Jonathan Grotts (J)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Christopher P Denton (CP)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Laura Rasero (L)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

CarloMaurizio Montecucco (C)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Daniel E Furst (DE)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

Marco Matucci-Cerinic (M)

From the Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Public Health, University of Florence; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence, Italy; the Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London (UCL), Division of Medicine, London, UK; Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Rheumatology, Institute for Research and Health Care (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Medicine Statistics Core, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Dr. Bruni has received a 6-month travel bursary grant from European League Against Rheumatism to undertake this project. Dr. Denton has been a consultant to Bayer, Roche, GSK, Actelion, Inventiva, CSL Behring, Takeda, Merck-Serono, MedImmune, and Biogen. He has received research grants from Actelion, GSK, Novartis, and CSL Behring. Dr. Furst has received grant/research support from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, the US National Institutes of Health, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech, and consultancy fees from AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, BMS, Cytori, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Dr. Matucci-Cerinic has acted as a consultant to and/or received speaker fees from Actelion, GSK, BMS, Pfizer, and Italfarmaco, and he has received research grants from Actelion.
C. Bruni, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Ngcozana, BNurs, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; F. Braschi, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; T. Pucci, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; G. Piemonte, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; L. Benelli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; M. Poli, BNurs, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC; Y.A. Suliman, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Guiducci, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Bellando-Randone, MD, PhD, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Assiut University Hospital; S. Balduzzi, MD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; J. Grotts, BStat, Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California at Los Angeles; C.P. Denton, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, UCL Division of Medicine; L. Rasero, BNurs, Department of Public Health, University of Florence; C. Montecucco, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation; D.E. Furst, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles; M. Matucci-Cerinic, MD, PhD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology AOUC. Dr. Furst and Dr. Matucci-Cerinic made equal contributions as senior authors.

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questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Sujet âgé › Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer...
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questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Adulte d'âge moyen › Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Mesures épidémiologiques › Démographie › État de santé › Qualité de vie › Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies de la peau et du tissu conjonctif › Maladies de la peau › Sclérodermie systémique › Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Collecte de données › Enquêtes et questionnaires › Enquêtes de santé › Indicateurs d'état de santé › Acuité des besoins du patient › Indice de gravité de la maladie › Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies de la peau et du tissu conjonctif › Maladies de la peau › Ulcère cutané › Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer...
questionsmedicales.fr › Diagnostic › Techniques et procédures diagnostiques › Évaluation des symptômes › Preliminary Validation of the Digital Ulcer...