Total intravenous anaesthesia with ketamine, medetomidine and guaifenesin compared with ketamine, medetomidine and midazolam in young horses anaesthetised for computerised tomography.
Anesthesia, Intravenous
/ veterinary
Anesthetics, Intravenous
/ administration & dosage
Animals
Cross-Over Studies
Drug Therapy, Combination
Expectorants
/ administration & dosage
Female
Guaifenesin
/ administration & dosage
Horses
Hypnotics and Sedatives
/ administration & dosage
Ketamine
/ administration & dosage
Male
Medetomidine
/ administration & dosage
Midazolam
/ administration & dosage
Random Allocation
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
/ veterinary
TIVA
guaifenesin
horse
midazolam
Journal
Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
Titre abrégé: Equine Vet J
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0173320
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2019
Jul 2019
Historique:
received:
18
06
2018
accepted:
14
11
2018
pubmed:
20
11
2018
medline:
13
11
2019
entrez:
20
11
2018
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
There is no information directly comparing midazolam with guaifenesin when used in combination with an alpha-2 agonist and ketamine to maintain anaesthesia via i.v. infusion in horses. To compare ketamine-medetomidine-guaifenesin with ketamine-medetomidine-midazolam for total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) in young horses anaesthetised for computerised tomography. Prospective, randomised, blinded, crossover trial. Fourteen weanlings received medetomidine 7 μg/kg bwt i.v. and anaesthesia was induced with ketamine 2.2 mg/kg bwt i.v. On two separate occasions horses each received infusions of ketamine 3 mg/kg bwt/h, medetomidine 5 μg/kg bwt/h, guaifenesin 100 mg/kg bwt/h (KMG) or ketamine 3 mg/kg bwt/h, medetomidine 5 μg/kg bwt/h, midazolam 0.1 mg/kg bwt/h (KMM) for 50 min. Cardiorespiratory variables and anaesthetic depth were assessed every 5-10 min. Recovery times after the infusions ceased were recorded and recovery quality was assessed using a composite score system (CSS), simple descriptive scale (SDS) and visual analogue scale (VAS). Multivariable models were used to generate mean recovery scores for each treatment and each recovery score system and provide P-values comparing treatment groups. Anaesthesia was uneventful with no difference in additional anaesthetic requirements and little clinically relevant differences in cardiopulmonary variables between groups. All horses recovered without incident with no significant difference in recovery times. Quality of the anaesthetic recovery was significantly better for the KMM group compared with the KMG group using the CSS (P<0.001), SDS (P<0.001) and VAS (P<0.001). No surgical stimulus was applied and study animals may not represent general horse population. Midazolam is a suitable alternative to guaifenesin when co-infused with ketamine and medetomidine for anaesthesia in young horses undergoing noninvasive procedures. Both infusions produce a clinically comparable quality of anaesthesia; however, recovery from anaesthesia is of a better quality following an infusion of ketamine-medetomidine-midazolam.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
There is no information directly comparing midazolam with guaifenesin when used in combination with an alpha-2 agonist and ketamine to maintain anaesthesia via i.v. infusion in horses.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
To compare ketamine-medetomidine-guaifenesin with ketamine-medetomidine-midazolam for total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) in young horses anaesthetised for computerised tomography.
STUDY DESIGN
METHODS
Prospective, randomised, blinded, crossover trial.
METHODS
METHODS
Fourteen weanlings received medetomidine 7 μg/kg bwt i.v. and anaesthesia was induced with ketamine 2.2 mg/kg bwt i.v. On two separate occasions horses each received infusions of ketamine 3 mg/kg bwt/h, medetomidine 5 μg/kg bwt/h, guaifenesin 100 mg/kg bwt/h (KMG) or ketamine 3 mg/kg bwt/h, medetomidine 5 μg/kg bwt/h, midazolam 0.1 mg/kg bwt/h (KMM) for 50 min. Cardiorespiratory variables and anaesthetic depth were assessed every 5-10 min. Recovery times after the infusions ceased were recorded and recovery quality was assessed using a composite score system (CSS), simple descriptive scale (SDS) and visual analogue scale (VAS). Multivariable models were used to generate mean recovery scores for each treatment and each recovery score system and provide P-values comparing treatment groups.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Anaesthesia was uneventful with no difference in additional anaesthetic requirements and little clinically relevant differences in cardiopulmonary variables between groups. All horses recovered without incident with no significant difference in recovery times. Quality of the anaesthetic recovery was significantly better for the KMM group compared with the KMG group using the CSS (P<0.001), SDS (P<0.001) and VAS (P<0.001).
MAIN LIMITATIONS
CONCLUSIONS
No surgical stimulus was applied and study animals may not represent general horse population.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Midazolam is a suitable alternative to guaifenesin when co-infused with ketamine and medetomidine for anaesthesia in young horses undergoing noninvasive procedures. Both infusions produce a clinically comparable quality of anaesthesia; however, recovery from anaesthesia is of a better quality following an infusion of ketamine-medetomidine-midazolam.
Substances chimiques
Anesthetics, Intravenous
0
Expectorants
0
Hypnotics and Sedatives
0
Guaifenesin
495W7451VQ
Ketamine
690G0D6V8H
Medetomidine
MR15E85MQM
Midazolam
R60L0SM5BC
Types de publication
Clinical Trial, Veterinary
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
510-516Subventions
Organisme : Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation
Informations de copyright
© 2018 EVJ Ltd.