Discovery of the first genome-wide significant risk loci for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.


Journal

Nature genetics
ISSN: 1546-1718
Titre abrégé: Nat Genet
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9216904

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 2019
Historique:
received: 13 06 2017
accepted: 28 09 2018
pubmed: 28 11 2018
medline: 25 4 2019
entrez: 28 11 2018
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable childhood behavioral disorder affecting 5% of children and 2.5% of adults. Common genetic variants contribute substantially to ADHD susceptibility, but no variants have been robustly associated with ADHD. We report a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 20,183 individuals diagnosed with ADHD and 35,191 controls that identifies variants surpassing genome-wide significance in 12 independent loci, finding important new information about the underlying biology of ADHD. Associations are enriched in evolutionarily constrained genomic regions and loss-of-function intolerant genes and around brain-expressed regulatory marks. Analyses of three replication studies: a cohort of individuals diagnosed with ADHD, a self-reported ADHD sample and a meta-analysis of quantitative measures of ADHD symptoms in the population, support these findings while highlighting study-specific differences on genetic overlap with educational attainment. Strong concordance with GWAS of quantitative population measures of ADHD symptoms supports that clinical diagnosis of ADHD is an extreme expression of continuous heritable traits.

Identifiants

pubmed: 30478444
doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0269-7
pii: 10.1038/s41588-018-0269-7
pmc: PMC6481311
mid: NIHMS1002358
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Meta-Analysis Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

63-75

Subventions

Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH094469
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R00 MH113823
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UU_00011/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : U01 MH109536
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH101519
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH107649
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UU_12013/4
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : U01 MH094432
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : G19/2
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/L010305/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : K01 DK114379
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : S10 OD018522
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : G0300189
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : U01 MH109539
Pays : United States

Investigateurs

Özgür Albayrak (Ö)
Richard J L Anney (RJL)
Maria Jesús Arranz (MJ)
Tobias J Banaschewski (TJ)
Claiton Bau (C)
Joseph Biederman (J)
Jan K Buitelaar (JK)
Miguel Casas (M)
Alice Charach (A)
Jennifer Crosbie (J)
Astrid Dempfle (A)
Alysa E Doyle (AE)
Richard P Ebstein (RP)
Josephine Elia (J)
Christine Freitag (C)
Manuel Föcker (M)
Michael Gill (M)
Eugenio Grevet (E)
Ziarih Hawi (Z)
Johannes Hebebrand (J)
Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann (B)
Amaia Hervas (A)
Anke Hinney (A)
Sarah Hohmann (S)
Peter Holmans (P)
Mara Hutz (M)
Abel Ickowitz (A)
Stefan Johansson (S)
Lindsey Kent (L)
Sarah Kittel-Schneider (S)
Nanda Lambregts-Rommelse (N)
Gerd Lehmkuhl (G)
Sandra K Loo (SK)
James J McGough (JJ)
Jobst Meyer (J)
Eric Mick (E)
Frank Middletion (F)
Ana Miranda (A)
Nina Roth Mota (NR)
Fernando Mulas (F)
Aisling Mulligan (A)
Freimer Nelson (F)
T Trang Nguyen (TT)
Robert D Oades (RD)
Michael C O'Donovan (MC)
Michael J Owen (MJ)
Haukur Palmason (H)
Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga (JA)
Tobias J Renner (TJ)
Marta Ribasés (M)
Marcella Rietschel (M)
Olga Rivero (O)
Jasmin Romanos (J)
Marcel Romanos (M)
Aribert Rothenberger (A)
Herbert Royers (H)
Christina Sánchez-Mora (C)
André Scherag (A)
Benno G Schimmelmann (BG)
Helmut Schäfer (H)
Joseph Sergeant (J)
Judith Sinzig (J)
Susan L Smalley (SL)
Hans-Christoph Steinhausen (HC)
Margaret Thompson (M)
Alexandre Todorov (A)
Alejandro Arias Vasquez (AA)
Susanne Walitza (S)
Yufeng Wang (Y)
Andreas Warnke (A)
Nigel Williams (N)
Stephanie H Witt (SH)
Li Yang (L)
Tetyana Zayats (T)
Yanli Zhang-James (Y)
George Davey Smith (GD)
Gareth E Davies (GE)
Erik A Ehli (EA)
David M Evans (DM)
Iryna O Fedko (IO)
Corina U Greven (CU)
Maria M Groen-Blokhuis (MM)
Monica Guxens (M)
Anke R Hammerschlag (AR)
Catharina A Hartman (CA)
Joachim Heinrich (J)
Jouke Jan Hottenga (J)
James Hudziak (J)
Astanand Jugessur (A)
John P Kemp (JP)
Eva Krapohl (E)
Mario Murcia (M)
Ronny Myhre (R)
Ilja M Nolte (IM)
Dale R Nyholt (DR)
Johan Ormel (J)
Klaasjan G Ouwens (KG)
Irene Pappa (I)
Craig E Pennell (CE)
Robert Plomin (R)
Susan Ring (S)
Marie Standl (M)
Evie Stergiakouli (E)
Beate St Pourcain (BS)
Camilla Stoltenberg (C)
Jordi Sunyer (J)
Elisabeth Thiering (E)
Henning Tiemeier (H)
Carla M T Tiesler (CMT)
Nicholas J Timpson (NJ)
Maciej Trzaskowski (M)
Peter Johannes van der Most (PJ)
Natalia Vilor-Tejedor (N)
Carol A Wang (CA)
Andrew J O Whitehouse (AJO)
Huiying Zhao (H)
Michelle Agee (M)
Babak Alipanahi (B)
Adam Auton (A)
Robert K Bell (RK)
Katarzyna Bryc (K)
Sarah L Elson (SL)
Pierre Fontanillas (P)
Nicholas A Furlotte (NA)
David A Hinds (DA)
Bethann S Hromatka (BS)
Karen E Huber (KE)
Aaron Kleinman (A)
Nadia K Litterman (NK)
Matthew H McIntyre (MH)
Joanna L Mountain (JL)
Carrie A M Northover (CAM)
Steven J Pitts (SJ)
J Fah Sathirapongsasuti (JF)
Olga V Sazonova (OV)
Janie F Shelton (JF)
Suyash Shringarpure (S)
Chao Tian (C)
Vladimir Vacic (V)
Catherine H Wilson (CH)

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn

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Auteurs

Ditte Demontis (D)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Raymond K Walters (RK)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Joanna Martin (J)

Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.

Manuel Mattheisen (M)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.

Thomas D Als (TD)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Esben Agerbo (E)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Gísli Baldursson (G)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.

Rich Belliveau (R)

Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm (J)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Marie Bækvad-Hansen (M)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Felecia Cerrato (F)

Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Kimberly Chambert (K)

Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Claire Churchhouse (C)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Ashley Dumont (A)

Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Nicholas Eriksson (N)

23andMe, Inc, Mountain View, CA, USA.

Michael Gandal (M)

Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Center for Autism Research and Treatment and Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Jacqueline I Goldstein (JI)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Katrina L Grasby (KL)

QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.

Jakob Grove (J)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Olafur O Gudmundsson (OO)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.

Christine S Hansen (CS)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.

Mads Engel Hauberg (ME)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Mads V Hollegaard (MV)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Daniel P Howrigan (DP)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Hailiang Huang (H)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Julian B Maller (JB)

Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Genomics plc, Oxford, UK.

Alicia R Martin (AR)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Nicholas G Martin (NG)

QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.

Jennifer Moran (J)

Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Jonatan Pallesen (J)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Duncan S Palmer (DS)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Carsten Bøcker Pedersen (CB)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Marianne Giørtz Pedersen (MG)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Timothy Poterba (T)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Jesper Buchhave Poulsen (JB)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Stephan Ripke (S)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.

Elise B Robinson (EB)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

F Kyle Satterstrom (FK)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Hreinn Stefansson (H)

deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.

Christine Stevens (C)

Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Patrick Turley (P)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.

G Bragi Walters (GB)

deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.

Hyejung Won (H)

Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Center for Autism Research and Treatment and Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Margaret J Wright (MJ)

Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Ole A Andreassen (OA)

NORMENT KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Philip Asherson (P)

Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Christie L Burton (CL)

Psychiatry, Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Dorret I Boomsma (DI)

Department of Biological Psychology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Bru Cormand (B)

Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Søren Dalsgaard (S)

National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Barbara Franke (B)

Departments of Human Genetics (855) and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Joel Gelernter (J)

Department of Psychiatry, Genetics, and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.

Daniel Geschwind (D)

Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Center for Autism Research and Treatment and Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Hakon Hakonarson (H)

The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children´s Hospital of Philadelphia, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Jan Haavik (J)

K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.

Henry R Kranzler (HR)

Department of Psychiatry, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN4) Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadephia, PA, USA.

Jonna Kuntsi (J)

Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Kate Langley (K)

MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.

Klaus-Peter Lesch (KP)

Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Department of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHENS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.

Christel Middeldorp (C)

Department of Biological Psychology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia.

Andreas Reif (A)

Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Luis Augusto Rohde (LA)

Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
ADHD Outpatient Clinic, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Panos Roussos (P)

Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Friedman Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.

Russell Schachar (R)

Psychiatry, Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Pamela Sklar (P)

Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Friedman Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Edmund J S Sonuga-Barke (EJS)

Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Kings College, London, UK.

Patrick F Sullivan (PF)

Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Anita Thapar (A)

MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.

Joyce Y Tung (JY)

23andMe, Inc, Mountain View, CA, USA.

Irwin D Waldman (ID)

Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Sarah E Medland (SE)

QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.

Kari Stefansson (K)

deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.

Merete Nordentoft (M)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

David M Hougaard (DM)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Thomas Werge (T)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Institute of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Ole Mors (O)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.

Preben Bo Mortensen (PB)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Mark J Daly (MJ)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki, Finland.

Stephen V Faraone (SV)

Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA. sfaraone@childpsychresearch.org.

Anders D Børglum (AD)

The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark. anders@biomed.au.dk.
Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. anders@biomed.au.dk.
Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. anders@biomed.au.dk.

Benjamin M Neale (BM)

Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. bneale@broadinstitute.org.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. bneale@broadinstitute.org.
Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. bneale@broadinstitute.org.

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