Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum infection in the Kenyan Highlands: a cohort study.
Plasmodium falciparum
Kenya
cohort
heterogeneity
highlands
malaria
Journal
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
ISSN: 1878-3503
Titre abrégé: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7506129
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 03 2019
01 03 2019
Historique:
received:
26
07
2018
revised:
06
09
2018
accepted:
22
11
2018
pubmed:
30
11
2018
medline:
7
3
2020
entrez:
30
11
2018
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Malaria transmission in African highland areas can be prone to epidemics, with minor fluctuations in temperature or altitude resulting in highly heterogeneous transmission. In the Kenyan Highlands, where malaria prevalence has been increasing, characterising malaria incidence and identifying risk factors for infection is complicated by asymptomatic infection. This all-age cohort study, one element of the Malaria Transmission Consortium, involved monthly follow-up of 3155 residents of the Kisii and Rachuonyo South districts during June 2009-June 2010. Participants were tested for malaria using rapid diagnostic testing at every visit, regardless of symptoms. The incidence of Plasmodium falciparum infection was 0.2 cases per person, although infections were clustered within individuals and over time, with the majority of infections detected in the last month of the cohort study. Overall, incidence was higher in the Rachuonyo district and infections were detected most frequently in 5-10-year-olds. The majority of infections were asymptomatic (58%). Travel away from the study area was a notable risk factor for infection. Identifying risk factors for malaria infection can help to guide targeting of interventions to populations most likely to be exposed to malaria.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Malaria transmission in African highland areas can be prone to epidemics, with minor fluctuations in temperature or altitude resulting in highly heterogeneous transmission. In the Kenyan Highlands, where malaria prevalence has been increasing, characterising malaria incidence and identifying risk factors for infection is complicated by asymptomatic infection.
METHODS
This all-age cohort study, one element of the Malaria Transmission Consortium, involved monthly follow-up of 3155 residents of the Kisii and Rachuonyo South districts during June 2009-June 2010. Participants were tested for malaria using rapid diagnostic testing at every visit, regardless of symptoms.
RESULTS
The incidence of Plasmodium falciparum infection was 0.2 cases per person, although infections were clustered within individuals and over time, with the majority of infections detected in the last month of the cohort study. Overall, incidence was higher in the Rachuonyo district and infections were detected most frequently in 5-10-year-olds. The majority of infections were asymptomatic (58%). Travel away from the study area was a notable risk factor for infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Identifying risk factors for malaria infection can help to guide targeting of interventions to populations most likely to be exposed to malaria.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30496556
pii: 5214020
doi: 10.1093/trstmh/try122
pmc: PMC6391934
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
152-159Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/K012126/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
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