The appropriateness of coronary investigation in myocardial injury and type 2 myocardial infarction (ACT-2): A randomized trial design.


Journal

American heart journal
ISSN: 1097-6744
Titre abrégé: Am Heart J
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0370465

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
02 2019
Historique:
received: 17 08 2018
accepted: 30 09 2018
pubmed: 7 12 2018
medline: 17 10 2019
entrez: 7 12 2018
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Elevated troponin level findings among patients presenting with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or another intercurrent illness undeniably identifies patients at increased risk of mortality. Whilst enhancing our capacity to discriminate risk, the use of high-sensitivity troponin assays frequently identifies patients with myocardial injury (i.e. troponin rise without acute signs of myocardial ischemia) or type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI; oxygen supply-demand imbalance). This leads to the clinically challenging task of distinguishing type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI; coronary plaque rupture) from myocardial injury and T2MI in the context of concurrent acute illness. Diagnostic discernment in this context is crucial because MI classification has implications for further investigation and care. Early invasive management is of well-established benefit among patients with T1MI. However, the appropriateness of this investigation in the heterogeneous context of T2MI, where there is high competing mortality risk, remains unknown. Although coronary angiography in T2MI is advocated by some, there is insufficient evidence in existing literature to support this opinion as highlighted by current national guidelines. The objective is to evaluate the clinical and economic impact of early invasive management with coronary angiography in T2MI in terms of all-cause mortality and cost effectiveness. This prospective, pragmatic, multicenter, randomized trial among patients with suspected supply demand ischemia leading to troponin elevation (n=1,800; T2MI [1,500], chronic myocardial injury [300]) compares the impact of invasive angiography (or computed tomography angiography as per local preference) within 5 days of randomization versus conservative management (with or without functional testing at clinician discretion) on all-cause mortality by 2 years. Randomized treatment allocation will be stratified by baseline estimated risk of mortality using the Acute Physiology, Age, and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III risk score. Cost-effectiveness will be evaluated by follow-up on clinical events, quality of life, and resource utilization over 24 months. Ascertaining the most appropriate first-line investigative strategy for these commonly encountered high-risk T2MI patients in a randomized comparative study will be pivotal in informing evidence-based guidelines that lead to better patient and health care outcomes.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Elevated troponin level findings among patients presenting with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or another intercurrent illness undeniably identifies patients at increased risk of mortality. Whilst enhancing our capacity to discriminate risk, the use of high-sensitivity troponin assays frequently identifies patients with myocardial injury (i.e. troponin rise without acute signs of myocardial ischemia) or type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI; oxygen supply-demand imbalance). This leads to the clinically challenging task of distinguishing type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI; coronary plaque rupture) from myocardial injury and T2MI in the context of concurrent acute illness. Diagnostic discernment in this context is crucial because MI classification has implications for further investigation and care. Early invasive management is of well-established benefit among patients with T1MI. However, the appropriateness of this investigation in the heterogeneous context of T2MI, where there is high competing mortality risk, remains unknown. Although coronary angiography in T2MI is advocated by some, there is insufficient evidence in existing literature to support this opinion as highlighted by current national guidelines.
OBJECTIVE
The objective is to evaluate the clinical and economic impact of early invasive management with coronary angiography in T2MI in terms of all-cause mortality and cost effectiveness.
DESIGN
This prospective, pragmatic, multicenter, randomized trial among patients with suspected supply demand ischemia leading to troponin elevation (n=1,800; T2MI [1,500], chronic myocardial injury [300]) compares the impact of invasive angiography (or computed tomography angiography as per local preference) within 5 days of randomization versus conservative management (with or without functional testing at clinician discretion) on all-cause mortality by 2 years. Randomized treatment allocation will be stratified by baseline estimated risk of mortality using the Acute Physiology, Age, and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III risk score. Cost-effectiveness will be evaluated by follow-up on clinical events, quality of life, and resource utilization over 24 months.
SUMMARY
Ascertaining the most appropriate first-line investigative strategy for these commonly encountered high-risk T2MI patients in a randomized comparative study will be pivotal in informing evidence-based guidelines that lead to better patient and health care outcomes.

Identifiants

pubmed: 30522086
pii: S0002-8703(18)30293-X
doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2018.09.016
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Biomarkers 0
Troponin 0

Types de publication

Journal Article Multicenter Study Pragmatic Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

11-20

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Kristina Lambrakis (K)

Department of Cardiology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.

John K French (JK)

School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Ian A Scott (IA)

School of Clinical Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Tom Briffa (T)

School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.

David Brieger (D)

Department of Cardiology, Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Michael E Farkouh (ME)

Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and the Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Harvey White (H)

Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.

Anthony Ming-Yu Chuang (AM)

Department of Cardiology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.

Kathryn Tiver (K)

Department of Cardiology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.

Stephen Quinn (S)

Department of Statistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.

Billingsley Kaambwa (B)

College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.

Matthew Horsfall (M)

Department of Cardiology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.

Erin Morton (E)

College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.

Derek P Chew (DP)

Department of Cardiology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address: derek.chew@flinders.edu.au.

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