Getting more out of meta-analyses: a new approach to meta-analysis in light of unexplained heterogeneity.


Journal

Journal of clinical epidemiology
ISSN: 1878-5921
Titre abrégé: J Clin Epidemiol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8801383

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
03 2019
Historique:
received: 26 07 2018
revised: 23 10 2018
accepted: 30 11 2018
pubmed: 12 12 2018
medline: 28 2 2020
entrez: 12 12 2018
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Meta-analyses sometimes summarize results in the presence of substantial unexplained between-study heterogeneity. As GRADE criteria highlight, unexplained heterogeneity reduces certainty in the evidence, resulting in limited confidence in average effect estimates. The aim of this paper is to provide a new clinically useful approach to estimating an intervention effect in light of unexplained heterogeneity. We used a random-effects model to estimate the distribution of an intervention-effect across various groups of patients given data derived from meta-analysis. The model provides a distribution of the probabilities of various possible effects in a new group of patients. We examined how our method influenced the conclusions of two meta-analyses. In one example, our method illustrated that evidence from a meta-analysis did not support authors' highly publicized conclusion that hypericum is as effective as other antidepressants. In the second example, our method provided insight into a subgroup analysis of the effect of ribavirin in hepatitis C, demonstrating clear important benefit in one subgroup but not in others. Analysing the distribution of an intervention-effect in random-effects models may enable clinicians to improve their understanding of the probability of particular-intervention effects in a new population.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Meta-analyses sometimes summarize results in the presence of substantial unexplained between-study heterogeneity. As GRADE criteria highlight, unexplained heterogeneity reduces certainty in the evidence, resulting in limited confidence in average effect estimates. The aim of this paper is to provide a new clinically useful approach to estimating an intervention effect in light of unexplained heterogeneity.
METHODS
We used a random-effects model to estimate the distribution of an intervention-effect across various groups of patients given data derived from meta-analysis. The model provides a distribution of the probabilities of various possible effects in a new group of patients. We examined how our method influenced the conclusions of two meta-analyses.
RESULTS
In one example, our method illustrated that evidence from a meta-analysis did not support authors' highly publicized conclusion that hypericum is as effective as other antidepressants. In the second example, our method provided insight into a subgroup analysis of the effect of ribavirin in hepatitis C, demonstrating clear important benefit in one subgroup but not in others.
CONCLUSION
Analysing the distribution of an intervention-effect in random-effects models may enable clinicians to improve their understanding of the probability of particular-intervention effects in a new population.

Identifiants

pubmed: 30529650
pii: S0895-4356(18)30597-3
doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.11.023
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Antidepressive Agents 0
Plant Extracts 0
Ribavirin 49717AWG6K

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

101-106

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Amit Saad (A)

Day Treatment Unit, Shalvata Mental Health Centre, Hod-Hsharon, Israel; Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Electronic address: guyatt@mcmaster.ca.

Daniel Yekutieli (D)

Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Shaul Lev-Ran (S)

Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Addiction Medicine and Dual Disorders Clinic, Lev-Hasharon Medical Centre, Tsur Moshe, Israel.

Raz Gross (R)

Department of Psychiatry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Division of Psychiatry, The Chaim Sheba Medical Centre, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Gordon Guyatt (G)

Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

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Classifications MeSH