Dietary lysophosphatidylcholine-EPA enriches both EPA and DHA in the brain: potential treatment for depression.
Alzheimer’s disease
blood-brain barrier
brain lipids
brain-derived neurotrophic factor
docosahexaenoic acid
eicosapentaenoic acid
fish oil
inflammation
lysophospholipid
nutrition/lipids
omega 3 fatty acids
retina
Journal
Journal of lipid research
ISSN: 1539-7262
Titre abrégé: J Lipid Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0376606
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2019
03 2019
Historique:
received:
16
10
2018
revised:
07
12
2018
pubmed:
12
12
2018
medline:
18
6
2020
entrez:
12
12
2018
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
EPA and DHA protect against multiple metabolic and neurologic disorders. Although DHA appears more effective for neuroinflammatory conditions, EPA is more beneficial for depression. However, the brain contains negligible amounts of EPA, and dietary supplements fail to increase it appreciably. We tested the hypothesis that this failure is due to absorption of EPA as triacylglycerol, whereas the transporter at the blood-brain barrier requires EPA as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). We compared tissue uptake in normal mice gavaged with equal amounts (3.3 μmol/day) of either LPC-EPA or free EPA (surrogate for current supplements) for 15 days and also measured target gene expression. Compared with the no-EPA control, LPC-EPA increased brain EPA >100-fold (from 0.03 to 4 μmol/g); free EPA had little effect. Furthermore, LPC-EPA, but not free EPA, increased brain DHA 2-fold. Free EPA increased EPA in adipose tissue, and both supplements increased EPA and DHA in the liver and heart. Only LPC-EPA increased EPA and DHA in the retina, and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, cyclic AMP response element binding protein, and 5-hydroxy tryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A in the brain. These novel results show that brain EPA can be increased through diet. Because LPC-EPA increased both EPA and DHA in the brain, it may help in the treatment of depression as well as neuroinflammatory diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30530735
pii: S0022-2275(20)32619-5
doi: 10.1194/jlr.M090464
pmc: PMC6399499
doi:
Substances chimiques
Lysophosphatidylcholines
0
Docosahexaenoic Acids
25167-62-8
Eicosapentaenoic Acid
AAN7QOV9EA
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
566-578Subventions
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : S10 OD010660
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCCIH NIH HHS
ID : R21 AT008457
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Yalagala et al.
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