Role of ADHD in the Co-Occurrence Between Heavy Alcohol Use and Depression Trajectories in Adulthood.
ADHD
Adulthood
Comorbidity
Depression
Heavy Alcohol Use
Journal
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
ISSN: 1530-0277
Titre abrégé: Alcohol Clin Exp Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7707242
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2019
02 2019
Historique:
received:
26
06
2018
accepted:
03
12
2018
pubmed:
12
12
2018
medline:
21
3
2020
entrez:
12
12
2018
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with greater heavy alcohol use and depressive symptoms in adulthood. Yet, few studies have investigated whether childhood ADHD predicts an increased association between heavy drinking and depression in adulthood when this co-occurrence becomes more common. We examined associations among heavy alcohol use and depression longitudinally from ages 21 to 29 and whether these associations differed for those with or without childhood ADHD, as well as for those with or without persistent ADHD in adulthood. Data were from the Pittsburgh ADHD Longitudinal Study, a prospective cohort of children diagnosed with ADHD and demographically similar individuals without ADHD histories. ADHD symptoms in adulthood were self- and parent reported; depressive symptoms and frequency of drinking 5 or more drinks in a single drinking occasion were self-reported and measured at 5 time-points from ages 21 to 29. Depression and alcohol use were modeled in a multiple-group, parallel process longitudinal growth model. The slopes of heavy alcohol use and depression were significantly and positively associated from ages 25 to 29 but not at the younger ages. Although the strength of these associations did not differ by group (with or without ADHD, childhood or adulthood), the slopes of depression and heavy drinking at the older ages were highly variable and individuals with ADHD showed significantly faster growth in depression from ages 25 to 29. Due to the strengthening association between heavy drinking and depression for adults in their late 20s, and increasing depression for adults with ADHD histories, individuals with ADHD may be at greater risk for co-occurring depression and binge drinking. Negative reinforcement-related alcohol use may strengthen as these individuals age toward the fourth decade of life. More rigorous testing of this possibility is warranted.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with greater heavy alcohol use and depressive symptoms in adulthood. Yet, few studies have investigated whether childhood ADHD predicts an increased association between heavy drinking and depression in adulthood when this co-occurrence becomes more common. We examined associations among heavy alcohol use and depression longitudinally from ages 21 to 29 and whether these associations differed for those with or without childhood ADHD, as well as for those with or without persistent ADHD in adulthood.
METHODS
Data were from the Pittsburgh ADHD Longitudinal Study, a prospective cohort of children diagnosed with ADHD and demographically similar individuals without ADHD histories. ADHD symptoms in adulthood were self- and parent reported; depressive symptoms and frequency of drinking 5 or more drinks in a single drinking occasion were self-reported and measured at 5 time-points from ages 21 to 29. Depression and alcohol use were modeled in a multiple-group, parallel process longitudinal growth model.
RESULTS
The slopes of heavy alcohol use and depression were significantly and positively associated from ages 25 to 29 but not at the younger ages. Although the strength of these associations did not differ by group (with or without ADHD, childhood or adulthood), the slopes of depression and heavy drinking at the older ages were highly variable and individuals with ADHD showed significantly faster growth in depression from ages 25 to 29.
CONCLUSIONS
Due to the strengthening association between heavy drinking and depression for adults in their late 20s, and increasing depression for adults with ADHD histories, individuals with ADHD may be at greater risk for co-occurring depression and binge drinking. Negative reinforcement-related alcohol use may strengthen as these individuals age toward the fourth decade of life. More rigorous testing of this possibility is warranted.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30537147
doi: 10.1111/acer.13934
pmc: PMC6370516
mid: NIHMS1001224
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
342-352Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA012414
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : T32 AA007453
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : K21 AA000202
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AA011873
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : T32 MH018951
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH101096
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : R56 AA011873
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : R37 AA011873
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AA00202
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2018 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.
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