From chemotherapy to biological therapy: A review of novel concepts to reduce the side effects of systemic cancer treatment (Review).
cancer metastasis
chemotherapy
immunotherapy
oncolytic viruses
immunological self-tolerance
immunological memory
Journal
International journal of oncology
ISSN: 1791-2423
Titre abrégé: Int J Oncol
Pays: Greece
ID NLM: 9306042
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
02 2019
02 2019
Historique:
received:
14
08
2018
accepted:
01
11
2018
entrez:
21
12
2018
pubmed:
21
12
2018
medline:
4
4
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The side effects of systemic chemotherapy used to treat cancer are often severe. For decades, oncologists have focused on treating the tumor, which may result in damage to the tumor‑bearing host and its immune system. Recently, much attention has been paid to the immune system of patients and its activation via biological therapies. Biological therapies, including immunotherapy and oncolytic virus (OV) therapy, are often more physiological and well tolerated. The present review elucidated how these therapies work and why these therapies may be better tolerated: i) In contrast to chemotherapy, immunotherapies induce a memory function of the adaptive immunity system; ii) immunotherapies aim to specifically activate the immune system against cancer; side effects are low due to immune tolerance mechanisms, which maintain the integrity of the body in the presence of B and T lymphocytes with their antigen‑receptor specificities and; iii) the type I interferon response, which is evoked by OVs, is an ancient innate immune defense system. Biological and physiological therapies, which support the immune system, may therefore benefit cancer treatment. The present review focused on immunotherapy, with the aim of reducing side effects and increasing long‑lasting efficacy in cancer therapy.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30570109
doi: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4661
pmc: PMC6317661
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antineoplastic Agents
0
Interferon Type I
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
407-419Références
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