Gap-induced inhibition of the post-auricular muscle response in humans and guinea pigs.
Acoustic startle reflex
Eye-blink reflex
Gap-pre-pulse inhibition
Preyer reflex
Tinnitus
Journal
Hearing research
ISSN: 1878-5891
Titre abrégé: Hear Res
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 7900445
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 03 2019
15 03 2019
Historique:
received:
15
09
2018
revised:
14
12
2018
accepted:
15
01
2019
pubmed:
28
1
2019
medline:
15
9
2020
entrez:
28
1
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
A common method for measuring changes in temporal processing sensitivity in both humans and animals makes use of GaP-induced Inhibition of the Acoustic Startle (GPIAS). It is also the basis of a common method for detecting tinnitus in rodents. However, the link to tinnitus has not been properly established because GPIAS has not yet been used to objectively demonstrate tinnitus in humans. In guinea pigs, the Preyer (ear flick) myogenic reflex is an established method for measuring the acoustic startle for the GPIAS test, while in humans, it is the eye-blink reflex. Yet, humans have a vestigial remnant of the Preyer reflex, which can be detected by measuring skin surface potentials associated with the Post-Auricular Muscle Response (PAMR). A similar electrical potential can be measured in guinea pigs and we aimed to show that the PAMR could be used to demonstrate GPIAS in both species. In guinea pigs, we compare the GPIAS measured using the pinna movement of the Preyer reflex and the electrical potential of the PAMR to demonstrate that the two are at least equivalent. In humans, we establish for the first time that the PAMR provides a reliable way of measuring GPIAS that is a pure acoustic alternative to the multimodal eye-blink reflex. Further exploratory tests showed that while eye gaze position influenced the size of the PAMR response, it did not change the degree of GPIAS. Our findings confirm that the PAMR is a sensitive method for measuring GPIAS and suggest that it may allow direct comparison of temporal processing between humans and animals and may provide a basis for an objective test of tinnitus.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30685571
pii: S0378-5955(18)30431-3
doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.01.009
pmc: PMC6408328
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
13-23Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_U135097126
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UU_00010/5
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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