Impacts of Overweight and Obesity in Older Age on the Risk of Dementia: A Systematic Literature Review and a Meta-Analysis.

Body Mass Index Dementia / epidemiology Humans Incidence Obesity / epidemiology Overweight / epidemiology Risk Waist Circumference
Body weight dementia meta-analysis older people

Journal

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
ISSN: 1875-8908
Titre abrégé: J Alzheimers Dis
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9814863

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2019
Historique:
pubmed: 29 1 2019
medline: 21 10 2020
entrez: 29 1 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

It is unclear whether overweight and obesity in older age reduces or increases the risk of incident dementia. To assess the impacts of overweight and obesity in older age on incident dementia. We searched cohort studies reporting body weight measured in older age and dementia through PubMed, Embase, Medline, PyschInfo, and Cochrane library until July 2016. Sixteen articles were identified for the review. We pooled data from them and a new unpublished study from China, to calculate relative risk (RR) of incident dementia in relation to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). All 16 cohort studies were undertaken in high income countries, with follow-up periods ranging between 3 to 18 years. Thirteen studies showed an inverse association between BMI and dementia, and three studies demonstrated a positive association. Pooled RR of dementia in relation to continuous BMI from 14 studied populations, including the new Chinese data, was 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-1.00); in those followed up <9 years it was 0.95 (0.93-0.96) while in ≥9 years follow-up it was 1.03 (0.96-1.11). In five studied populations examining categorical BMI, RR of dementia in older people classified as overweight and obese was 0.98 (0.54-1.77) and 1.17 (0.65-2.10) respectively, in comparison with other weights. The pooled WC data showed no association between increased WC and reduced risk of dementia. The current evidence did not support a paradox on beneficial impacts of overweight and obesity in older age on incident dementia. More studies with long term follow up are needed to clarify the association of body weight in older age with dementia risk.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
It is unclear whether overweight and obesity in older age reduces or increases the risk of incident dementia.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the impacts of overweight and obesity in older age on incident dementia.
METHODS
We searched cohort studies reporting body weight measured in older age and dementia through PubMed, Embase, Medline, PyschInfo, and Cochrane library until July 2016. Sixteen articles were identified for the review. We pooled data from them and a new unpublished study from China, to calculate relative risk (RR) of incident dementia in relation to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC).
RESULTS
All 16 cohort studies were undertaken in high income countries, with follow-up periods ranging between 3 to 18 years. Thirteen studies showed an inverse association between BMI and dementia, and three studies demonstrated a positive association. Pooled RR of dementia in relation to continuous BMI from 14 studied populations, including the new Chinese data, was 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-1.00); in those followed up <9 years it was 0.95 (0.93-0.96) while in ≥9 years follow-up it was 1.03 (0.96-1.11). In five studied populations examining categorical BMI, RR of dementia in older people classified as overweight and obese was 0.98 (0.54-1.77) and 1.17 (0.65-2.10) respectively, in comparison with other weights. The pooled WC data showed no association between increased WC and reduced risk of dementia.
CONCLUSION
The current evidence did not support a paradox on beneficial impacts of overweight and obesity in older age on incident dementia. More studies with long term follow up are needed to clarify the association of body weight in older age with dementia risk.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-180763 PMID: 30689574 PMC: PMC6700617
pubmed: 30689574
pii: JAD180763
doi: 10.3233/JAD-180763
pmc: PMC6700617
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Meta-Analysis Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Systematic Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

S87-S99

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Auteurs

Isaac M Danat (IM)

Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.

Angela Clifford (A)

Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.

Martin Partridge (M)

Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.

Weiju Zhou (W)

Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.

Aishat T Bakre (AT)

Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.

Anthony Chen (A)

Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Middlesex University, London, UK.

Danielle McFeeters (D)

Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.

Tina Smith (T)

Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.

Yuhui Wan (Y)

School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.

John Copeland (J)

Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Kaarin J Anstey (KJ)

School of Psychology, University of New South Wales and Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.

Ruoling Chen (R)

Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.

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