Kaposi sarcoma.
Journal
Nature reviews. Disease primers
ISSN: 2056-676X
Titre abrégé: Nat Rev Dis Primers
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101672103
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
31 01 2019
31 01 2019
Historique:
entrez:
2
2
2019
pubmed:
2
2
2019
medline:
17
9
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) gained public attention as an AIDS-defining malignancy; its appearance on the skin was a highly stigmatizing sign of HIV infection during the height of the AIDS epidemic. The widespread introduction of effective antiretrovirals to control HIV by restoring immunocompetence reduced the prevalence of AIDS-related KS, although KS does occur in individuals with well-controlled HIV infection. KS also presents in individuals without HIV infection in older men (classic KS), in sub-Saharan Africa (endemic KS) and in transplant recipients (iatrogenic KS). The aetiologic agent of KS is KS herpesvirus (KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus-8), and viral proteins can induce KS-associated cellular changes that enable the virus to evade the host immune system and allow the infected cell to survive and proliferate despite viral infection. Currently, most cases of KS occur in sub-Saharan Africa, where KSHV infection is prevalent owing to transmission by saliva in childhood compounded by the ongoing AIDS epidemic. Treatment for early AIDS-related KS in previously untreated patients should start with the control of HIV with antiretrovirals, which frequently results in KS regression. In advanced-stage KS, chemotherapy with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin or paclitaxel is the most common treatment, although it is seldom curative. In sub-Saharan Africa, KS continues to have a poor prognosis. Newer treatments for KS based on the mechanisms of its pathogenesis are being explored.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30705286
doi: 10.1038/s41572-019-0060-9
pii: 10.1038/s41572-019-0060-9
pmc: PMC6685213
mid: NIHMS1037079
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
9Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : P30 AI027763
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA096500
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDCR NIH HHS
ID : R01 DE028211
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : UM1 CA121947
Pays : United States
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