Enhanced adherence counselling and viral load suppression in HIV seropositive patients with an initial high viral load in Harare, Zimbabwe: Operational issues.


Journal

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
Titre abrégé: PLoS One
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101285081

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2019
Historique:
received: 20 05 2018
accepted: 12 01 2019
entrez: 6 2 2019
pubmed: 6 2 2019
medline: 2 11 2019
Statut: epublish

Résumé

In people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are on anti-retroviral therapy (ART), it is essential to identify persons with high blood viral loads (VLs) (≥1000 copies/ml), provide enhanced adherence counselling (EAC) for 3 months and assess for VL suppression (<1000 copies/ml). Our study objectives were to determine the proportion who had a high viral load in those people who underwent viral load testing between 1 August 2016-31 July 2017 at Wilkins Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe. Of those with high viral load to assess; a) the proportion who enrolled for EAC, the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with enrolment for EAC and, b) the proportion who achieved viral load suppression and demographic, clinical characteristics associated with viral load suppression. Retrospective cohort study using routinely collected programme data. Data was collected from PLHIV who were on ART and had a high viral load from 1 August 2016 to 31 July 2017. Of 5,573 PLHIV on ART between 1 August 2016 and 31 July 2017, 4787 (85.9%) had undergone VL testing and 646 (13.5%) had high VLs. Of these 646, only 489 (75.7%) were enrolled for EAC, of whom 444 (69%) underwent a repeat VL test at ≥ 3 months with 201 (31.2%) achieving VL suppression. The clinical characteristics that were independently associated with higher probability of VL suppression were: a) undergoing 3 sessions of EAC; b) being on 2nd line ART. Initial VL levels >5,000 copies/ml were associated with lower probability of viral suppression. The routine VL testing levels were high, but there were major programmatic gaps in enrolling PLHIV with high VLs into EAC and achieving VL suppression. The full potential of EAC on achieving viral load suppression has not been achieved in this setting. The reasons for these gaps need to be assessed in future research studies and addressed by suitable changes in policies/practices.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
In people living with HIV (PLHIV) who are on anti-retroviral therapy (ART), it is essential to identify persons with high blood viral loads (VLs) (≥1000 copies/ml), provide enhanced adherence counselling (EAC) for 3 months and assess for VL suppression (<1000 copies/ml).
OBJECTIVE
Our study objectives were to determine the proportion who had a high viral load in those people who underwent viral load testing between 1 August 2016-31 July 2017 at Wilkins Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe. Of those with high viral load to assess; a) the proportion who enrolled for EAC, the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with enrolment for EAC and, b) the proportion who achieved viral load suppression and demographic, clinical characteristics associated with viral load suppression.
DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study using routinely collected programme data. Data was collected from PLHIV who were on ART and had a high viral load from 1 August 2016 to 31 July 2017.
RESULTS
Of 5,573 PLHIV on ART between 1 August 2016 and 31 July 2017, 4787 (85.9%) had undergone VL testing and 646 (13.5%) had high VLs. Of these 646, only 489 (75.7%) were enrolled for EAC, of whom 444 (69%) underwent a repeat VL test at ≥ 3 months with 201 (31.2%) achieving VL suppression. The clinical characteristics that were independently associated with higher probability of VL suppression were: a) undergoing 3 sessions of EAC; b) being on 2nd line ART. Initial VL levels >5,000 copies/ml were associated with lower probability of viral suppression.
CONCLUSION
The routine VL testing levels were high, but there were major programmatic gaps in enrolling PLHIV with high VLs into EAC and achieving VL suppression. The full potential of EAC on achieving viral load suppression has not been achieved in this setting. The reasons for these gaps need to be assessed in future research studies and addressed by suitable changes in policies/practices.

Identifiants

pubmed: 30721229
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211326
pii: PONE-D-18-15096
pmc: PMC6363281
doi:

Substances chimiques

Anti-Retroviral Agents 0

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e0211326

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Références

BMC Infect Dis. 2017 May 3;17(1):326
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PLoS One. 2010 Jun 10;5(6):e11068
pubmed: 20548786
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012 Aug 1;60(4):428-37
pubmed: 22433846
N Engl J Med. 2016 Sep 1;375(9):830-9
pubmed: 27424812
PLoS One. 2015 Feb 19;10(2):e0116144
pubmed: 25695494
Trop Med Int Health. 2016 Sep;21(9):1131-7
pubmed: 27383454
Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 Mar;18(3):346-355
pubmed: 29198909
Int J STD AIDS. 2018 May;29(6):603-610
pubmed: 29334886

Auteurs

Talent Bvochora (T)

City of Harare Health Services Department, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Srinath Satyanarayana (S)

Centre for Operational Research, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France.

Kudakwashe C Takarinda (KC)

Centre for Operational Research, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France.
Government of Zimbabwe, Ministry of Health and Child Care, AIDS and TB Unit, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Hilda Bara (H)

City of Harare Health Services Department, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Prosper Chonzi (P)

City of Harare Health Services Department, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Brian Komtenza (B)

Government of Zimbabwe, Ministry of Health and Child Care, AIDS and TB Unit, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Clemence Duri (C)

City of Harare Health Services Department, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Tsitsi Apollo (T)

Government of Zimbabwe, Ministry of Health and Child Care, AIDS and TB Unit, Harare, Zimbabwe.

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