Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy of Automated Annotation-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation and 2nd-Generation Cryoballoon Ablation in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation.

BACKGROUND

Automated ablation lesion annotation with optimal settings for parameters including contact force (CF) and catheter stability may be effective for achieving durable pulmonary vein isolation. Methods and Results: We retrospectively examined 131 consecutive patients who underwent initial catheter ablation (CA) for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) by automatic annotation system (VISITAG module)-guided radiofrequency CA (RFCA) (n=61) and 2nd-generation cryoballoon ablation (CBA) (n=70) in terms of safety and long-term efficacy. The automatic annotation criteria for the RFCA group were as follows: catheter stability range of motion ≤1.5 mm, duration ≥5 s, and CF ≥5 g. We ablated for >20 s with a force-time integral >150 gs at each site, before moving to the next site. Each interlesion distance was <6 mm. Procedural complications were more frequent in the CBA group (1.6% vs. 10.0%, P=0.034). Across a median follow-up of 2.98 years, 88.5% and 70.0% of patients in the RFCA and CBA groups, respectively, were free from recurrence (log-rank test, P=0.0039). There was also a significant difference in favor of RFCA with respect to repeat ablations (3.3% vs. 24.3%, log-rank test, P=0.0003).

CONCLUSIONS

RF ablation guided by an automated algorithm that includes CF and catheter stability parameters showed better long-term outcomes than CBA in the treatment of patients with PAF without increasing complications.