Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease: A case report.

Brain Case report Cerebellar ataxia Diagnosis Magnetic resonance imaging Prion disease

Journal

World journal of clinical cases
ISSN: 2307-8960
Titre abrégé: World J Clin Cases
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101618806

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
06 Feb 2019
Historique:
received: 19 10 2018
revised: 24 12 2018
accepted: 29 12 2018
entrez: 13 2 2019
pubmed: 13 2 2019
medline: 13 2 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) disease is an inherited prion disease that is clinically characterized by the early onset of progressive cerebellar ataxia. The incidence of GSS is extremely low and it is particularly rare in China. Therefore, clinicians may easily confuse this disease with other diseases that also cause ataxia, resulting in its under-diagnosis or misdiagnosis. Here, we report the first case of genetically diagnosed GSS disease in Northeast China. The patient exhibited typical ataxia and dysarthria 2.5 years after symptom onset. However, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord revealed a normal anatomy. Screening results for the spinocerebellar ataxia gene were also negative. We thus proposed to expand the scope of genetic screening to include over 200 mutations that can cause ataxia. A final diagnosis of GSS was presented and the patient was followed for more than 3.5 years, during which we noted imaging abnormalities. The patient gradually exhibited decorticate posturing and convulsions. We recommended administration of oral sodium valproate, which resolved the convulsions. Patients with inherited ataxia should be considered for a diagnosis of GSS

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS) disease is an inherited prion disease that is clinically characterized by the early onset of progressive cerebellar ataxia. The incidence of GSS is extremely low and it is particularly rare in China. Therefore, clinicians may easily confuse this disease with other diseases that also cause ataxia, resulting in its under-diagnosis or misdiagnosis.
CASE SUMMARY METHODS
Here, we report the first case of genetically diagnosed GSS disease in Northeast China. The patient exhibited typical ataxia and dysarthria 2.5 years after symptom onset. However, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord revealed a normal anatomy. Screening results for the spinocerebellar ataxia gene were also negative. We thus proposed to expand the scope of genetic screening to include over 200 mutations that can cause ataxia. A final diagnosis of GSS was presented and the patient was followed for more than 3.5 years, during which we noted imaging abnormalities. The patient gradually exhibited decorticate posturing and convulsions. We recommended administration of oral sodium valproate, which resolved the convulsions.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Patients with inherited ataxia should be considered for a diagnosis of GSS

Identifiants

pubmed: 30746381
doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i3.389
pmc: PMC6369391
doi:

Types de publication

Case Reports

Langues

eng

Pagination

389-395

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Auteurs

Ming-Ming Zhao (MM)

Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.

Liang-Shu Feng (LS)

Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.

Shuai Hou (S)

Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.

Ping-Ping Shen (PP)

Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.

Li Cui (L)

Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China.

Jia-Chun Feng (JC)

Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China. fengjcfrank@hotmail.com.

Classifications MeSH