The Importance of Peripheral Nerves in Adipose Tissue for the Regulation of Energy Balance.
BAT
WAT
adipose innervation
adipose neuropathy
adipose peripheral nerves
brain–adipose communication
neural plasticity
sympathetic
thermogenesis
Journal
Biology
ISSN: 2079-7737
Titre abrégé: Biology (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101587988
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 Feb 2019
12 Feb 2019
Historique:
received:
11
01
2019
revised:
05
02
2019
accepted:
06
02
2019
entrez:
15
2
2019
pubmed:
15
2
2019
medline:
15
2
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Brown and white adipose tissues are essential for maintenance of proper energy balance and metabolic health. In order to function efficiently, these tissues require both endocrine and neural communication with the brain. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), as well as the inducible brown adipocytes that appear in white adipose tissue (WAT) after simulation, are thermogenic and energy expending. This uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-mediated process requires input from sympathetic nerves releasing norepinephrine. In addition to sympathetic noradrenergic signaling, adipose tissue contains sensory nerves that may be important for relaying fuel status to the brain. Chemical and surgical denervation studies of both WAT and BAT have clearly demonstrated the role of peripheral nerves in browning, thermogenesis, lipolysis, and adipogenesis. However, much is still unknown about which subtypes of nerves are present in BAT versus WAT, what nerve products are released from adipose nerves and how they act to mediate metabolic homeostasis, as well as which cell types in adipose are receiving synaptic input. Recent advances in whole-depot imaging and quantification of adipose nerve fibers, as well as other new research findings, have reinvigorated this field of research. This review summarizes the history of research into adipose innervation and brain⁻adipose communication, and also covers landmark and recent research on this topic to outline what we currently know and do not know about adipose tissue nerve supply and communication with the brain.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30759876
pii: biology8010010
doi: 10.3390/biology8010010
pmc: PMC6466238
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK114320
Pays : United States
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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