Structural Brain Alterations in Youth With Psychosis and Bipolar Spectrum Symptoms.
cortical thickness
development
neuroimaging
schizophrenia
surface area
Journal
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
ISSN: 1527-5418
Titre abrégé: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8704565
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2019
11 2019
Historique:
received:
13
08
2018
revised:
26
11
2018
accepted:
10
01
2019
pubmed:
16
2
2019
medline:
15
9
2020
entrez:
16
2
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Adults with established diagnoses of serious mental illness (bipolar disorder and schizophrenia) exhibit structural brain abnormalities, yet less is known about how such abnormalities manifest earlier in development. Cross-sectional data publicly available from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (PNC) were analyzed. Structural magnetic resonance neuroimaging data were collected on a subset of the PNC (N = 989; 9-22 years old). Cortical thickness, surface area (SA), and subcortical volumes were calculated. Study participants were assessed for psychiatric symptomatology using a structured interview and the following groups were created: typically developing (n = 376), psychosis spectrum (PS; n = 113), bipolar spectrum (BP; n = 117), and BP + PS (n = 109). Group and developmental differences in structural magnetic resonance neuroimaging measures were examined. In addition, the extent to which any structural aberration was related to neurocognition, global functioning, and clinical symptomatology was examined. Compared with other groups, PS youth exhibited significantly decreased SA in the orbitofrontal, cingulate, precentral, and postcentral regions. PS youth also exhibited deceased thalamic volume compared with all other groups. The strongest effects for precentral and posterior cingulate SA decreases were seen during early adolescence (13-15 years old) in PS youth. The strongest effects for decreases in thalamic volume and orbitofrontal and postcentral SA were observed in mid-adolescence (16-18 years) in PS youth. Across groups, better overall functioning was associated with increased lateral orbitofrontal SA. Increased postcentral SA was associated with better executive cognition and less severe negative symptoms in the entire sample. In a community-based sample, decreased cortical SA and thalamic volume were present early in adolescent development in youth with PS symptoms, but not in youth with BP symptoms or with BP and PS symptoms. These findings point to potential biological distinctions between PS and BP conditions, which could suggest additional biomarkers relevant to early identification.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30768396
pii: S0890-8567(19)30041-3
doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.11.012
pmc: PMC7110691
mid: NIHMS1575960
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1079-1091Subventions
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : T32 MH073526
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K99 MH116115
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH107250
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K01 MH112774
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : RC2 MH089983
Pays : United States
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Type : ErratumIn
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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