Evaluation of equine coronavirus fecal shedding among hospitalized horses.
Animals
Betacoronavirus 1
/ isolation & purification
Feces
/ microbiology
Gastrointestinal Diseases
/ veterinary
Horse Diseases
/ microbiology
Horses
Hospitalization
Microscopy, Electron
Parvovirus
/ isolation & purification
Polymerase Chain Reaction
/ veterinary
Rotavirus
/ isolation & purification
Washington
PCR
anesthesia
anorexia
electron microscopy
fever
gastrointestinal disease
lethargy
Journal
Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
Titre abrégé: J Vet Intern Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8708660
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Mar 2019
Mar 2019
Historique:
received:
19
11
2018
accepted:
29
01
2019
pubmed:
23
2
2019
medline:
30
4
2019
entrez:
22
2
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Currently, diagnosis of equine coronavirus (ECoV) relies on the exclusion of other infectious causes of enteric disease along with molecular detection of ECoV in feces or tissue. Although this approach is complete, it is costly and may not always be achievable. We hypothesized that the overall fecal shedding of ECoV in hospitalized horses is low. Our objective was to determine whether systemically healthy horses and horses with gastrointestinal disorders shed ECoV in their feces at the time of admission to a referral hospital and after 48 hours of stress associated with hospitalization. One-hundred thirty adult horses admitted to the Washington State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for gastrointestinal disease (n = 65) or for imaging under anesthesia (n = 65) that were hospitalized for 48 hours. Owner consent was obtained before sampling. Fecal samples were collected at admission and 48 hours later. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for ECoV and electron microscopy (EM) were performed on all samples. Only 1 of 258 fecal samples was PCR-positive for ECoV. Electron microscopy identified ECoV-like particles in 9 of 258 samples, parvovirus-like particles in 4 of 258 samples, and rotavirus-like particles in 1 of 258 samples. The presence of ECoV in feces of hospitalized adult horses was low. Thus, fecal samples that are PCR-positive for ECoV in adult horses that have clinical signs consistent with this viral infection are likely to be of diagnostic relevance. The clinical relevance of the viruses observed using EM remains to be investigated.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Currently, diagnosis of equine coronavirus (ECoV) relies on the exclusion of other infectious causes of enteric disease along with molecular detection of ECoV in feces or tissue. Although this approach is complete, it is costly and may not always be achievable.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
We hypothesized that the overall fecal shedding of ECoV in hospitalized horses is low. Our objective was to determine whether systemically healthy horses and horses with gastrointestinal disorders shed ECoV in their feces at the time of admission to a referral hospital and after 48 hours of stress associated with hospitalization.
ANIMALS
METHODS
One-hundred thirty adult horses admitted to the Washington State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for gastrointestinal disease (n = 65) or for imaging under anesthesia (n = 65) that were hospitalized for 48 hours. Owner consent was obtained before sampling.
METHODS
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected at admission and 48 hours later. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for ECoV and electron microscopy (EM) were performed on all samples.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Only 1 of 258 fecal samples was PCR-positive for ECoV. Electron microscopy identified ECoV-like particles in 9 of 258 samples, parvovirus-like particles in 4 of 258 samples, and rotavirus-like particles in 1 of 258 samples.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of ECoV in feces of hospitalized adult horses was low. Thus, fecal samples that are PCR-positive for ECoV in adult horses that have clinical signs consistent with this viral infection are likely to be of diagnostic relevance. The clinical relevance of the viruses observed using EM remains to be investigated.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30788861
doi: 10.1111/jvim.15449
pmc: PMC6430884
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
918-922Subventions
Organisme : Boehringer Ingelheim
Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
Références
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2010 Mar;26(1):123-46, table of contents
pubmed: 20117547
Am J Vet Res. 1987 Mar;48(3):361-5
pubmed: 3032023
Vet J. 2017 Feb;220:91-94
pubmed: 28190504
J Vet Diagn Invest. 2005 Mar;17(2):118-23
pubmed: 15825491
Vet Rec. 2007 Nov 24;161(21):716-8
pubmed: 18037693
Vet Microbiol. 2014 Jun 25;171(1-2):206-9
pubmed: 24768449
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1990 May 15;196(10):1617-22
pubmed: 2347754
J Vet Med Sci. 2013;75(9):1261-5
pubmed: 23648375
Equine Vet Educ. 2016 Apr;28(4):216-223
pubmed: 32313392
J Vet Intern Med. 2015 Jan;29(1):307-10
pubmed: 25319406
Equine Vet J. 2014 May;46(3):311-6
pubmed: 23773143
Vet Pathol. 2015 Nov;52(6):1148-56
pubmed: 25648965
Equine Vet Educ. 2020 Mar;32(3):150-154
pubmed: 32313400
J Vet Intern Med. 2019 Mar;33(2):918-922
pubmed: 30788861
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008 Oct;15(10):1629-32
pubmed: 18716008
Emerg Infect Dis. 2018 Feb;24(2):303-310
pubmed: 29350162
Vet Rec. 2011 Jul 2;169(1):12
pubmed: 21676986
Vet Microbiol. 2013 Feb 22;162(1):228-31
pubmed: 23123176
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2009 Jul;25(2):323-37
pubmed: 19460643
Vet Microbiol. 2011 May 12;150(1-2):41-8
pubmed: 21273011
Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Mar;9(3):294-303
pubmed: 12643823
Vet Rec. 1983 Sep 17;113(12):262-3
pubmed: 6314633
BMC Vet Res. 2015 Jun 02;11:126
pubmed: 26033323
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2017 Dec;64(6):2093-2103
pubmed: 28296228