Euphorbia myrsinites Sap-Induced Phytodermatitis: A Prototype of Irritant Contact Dermatitis?
Journal
Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug
ISSN: 2162-5220
Titre abrégé: Dermatitis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101207335
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Historique:
pubmed:
5
3
2019
medline:
2
7
2019
entrez:
5
3
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
A hallmark of Euphorbia myrsinites (EM), a member of the widespread perennial Euphorbia species, is the extrusion of a poisonous, latex-like sap irritant to the skin and eye after contact. The exact mechanisms underlying these effects have not been unraveled so far. The aims of the study were to allocate EM sap-induced phytodermatitis to irritant or allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and to investigate mechanism(s) causing keratinocyte damage. Cutaneous effects of EM sap on healthy human skin were investigated by clinical scoring and reflectance confocal microscopy analyses and compared with ACD. In addition, the effects of sap exposure to keratinocytes were analyzed in vitro using histological analyses and flow cytometry. We report on 2 cases of EM sap-induced phytodermatitis. Patch testing with fresh EM sap induced dermatitis in 100% of the tested sites with a clinical course following a decrescendo pattern. Compared with ACD, the lesional phenotype was more severe and epidermal disruption was more pronounced. Exposure of human skin tissues and cultivated keratinocytes to EM sap in vitro resulted in a dose-dependent increase in keratinocyte apoptosis. The reported findings support the primarily toxic irritant nature of EM sap-induced phytodermatitis. The contribution of ingenol mebutate to (nontoxic) proinflammatory effects remains to be elucidated.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
A hallmark of Euphorbia myrsinites (EM), a member of the widespread perennial Euphorbia species, is the extrusion of a poisonous, latex-like sap irritant to the skin and eye after contact. The exact mechanisms underlying these effects have not been unraveled so far.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
The aims of the study were to allocate EM sap-induced phytodermatitis to irritant or allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and to investigate mechanism(s) causing keratinocyte damage.
METHODS
METHODS
Cutaneous effects of EM sap on healthy human skin were investigated by clinical scoring and reflectance confocal microscopy analyses and compared with ACD. In addition, the effects of sap exposure to keratinocytes were analyzed in vitro using histological analyses and flow cytometry.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
We report on 2 cases of EM sap-induced phytodermatitis. Patch testing with fresh EM sap induced dermatitis in 100% of the tested sites with a clinical course following a decrescendo pattern. Compared with ACD, the lesional phenotype was more severe and epidermal disruption was more pronounced. Exposure of human skin tissues and cultivated keratinocytes to EM sap in vitro resulted in a dose-dependent increase in keratinocyte apoptosis. The reported findings support the primarily toxic irritant nature of EM sap-induced phytodermatitis. The contribution of ingenol mebutate to (nontoxic) proinflammatory effects remains to be elucidated.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30829799
doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000454
pmc: PMC6420095
mid: EMS81109
doi:
Substances chimiques
Irritants
0
Types de publication
Case Reports
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
155-161Subventions
Organisme : Austrian Science Fund FWF
ID : P 29619
Pays : Austria
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