Hypertension among adolescents in Nigeria: a retrospective study of adolescent university freshmen.
Africa
Nigeria
WHtR
adolescents
hypertension
risk factors
zBMI
Journal
International journal of adolescent medicine and health
ISSN: 2191-0278
Titre abrégé: Int J Adolesc Med Health
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 8506960
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
16 Mar 2019
16 Mar 2019
Historique:
received:
18
12
2018
accepted:
06
01
2019
pubmed:
16
3
2019
medline:
16
3
2019
entrez:
16
3
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The burden of hypertension is rising both globally and in Africa specifically. We determined the prevalence of hypertension and the risk factors for clinical hypertension in a population of new university intakes over a 4-year period. We analyzed retrospectively, the records of 6980 older adolescents (15-19 years). We used population-specific metrics to categorize blood pressure (BP) based on the 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The overall prevalence of high BP in our study was 25.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 24.1-26.2] for elevated BP, 19.8% (95% CI 18.9-20.8) for stage 1 hypertension, and 5.5% (95% CI 5.0-6.1) for stage 2 hypertension. The prevalence of stage 2 hypertension was 8.7% (7.5-9.5) among the male participants and 3.2% (95% CI 2.7-3.2) among the female participants (p < 0.001). The multivariate analyses demonstrated an increased risk of high levels of BP (p < 0.001) with age (1.21: 95% CI 1.16-1.26), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (1.05: 95% CI 1.04-1.05), z-score for body mass index (BMI) (1.47: 95% CI 1.41-1.54), and hemoglobin concentration (1.10: 95% CI 1.09-1.12). It demonstrated a reduced risk of high levels of BP (p < 0.001) being female (0.35: 95% CI 0.32-0.39). Hypertension, its risk factors and the risk of cardiovascular diseases in later life are prevalent in our Nigerian adolescent population. There is, therefore, a need for the development, evaluation and implementation of context-appropriate strategies and interventions to mitigate the risk of hypertension among adolescents, and cardiovascular diseases later in life.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30875324
doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2018-0287
pii: /j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2018-0287/ijamh-2018-0287.xml
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
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