Intranasal Borna Disease Virus (BoDV-1) Infection: Insights into Initial Steps and Potential Contagiosity.
OECs
borna disease virus
in vitro
in vivo
initial phase
olfactory ensheathing cells
olfactory epithelium
Journal
International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
Titre abrégé: Int J Mol Sci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101092791
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
15 Mar 2019
15 Mar 2019
Historique:
received:
13
02
2019
revised:
10
03
2019
accepted:
10
03
2019
entrez:
17
3
2019
pubmed:
17
3
2019
medline:
4
7
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Mammalian Bornavirus (BoDV-1) typically causes a fatal neurologic disorder in horses and sheep, and was recently shown to cause fatal encephalitis in humans with and without transplant reception. It has been suggested that BoDV-1 enters the central nervous system (CNS) via the olfactory pathway. However, (I) susceptible cell types that replicate the virus for successful spread, and (II) the role of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), remained unclear. To address this, we studied the intranasal infection of adult rats with BoDV-1 in vivo and in vitro, using olfactory mucosal (OM) cell cultures and the cultures of purified OECs. Strikingly, in vitro and in vivo, viral antigen and mRNA were present from four days post infection (dpi) onwards in the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs), but also in all other cell types of the OM, and constantly in the OECs. In contrast, in vivo, BoDV-1 genomic RNA was only detectable in adult and juvenile ORNs, nerve fibers, and in OECs from 7 dpi on. In vitro, the rate of infection of OECs was significantly higher than that of the OM cells, pointing to a crucial role of OECs for infection via the olfactory pathway. Thus, this study provides important insights into the transmission of neurotropic viral infections with a zoonotic potential.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30875911
pii: ijms20061318
doi: 10.3390/ijms20061318
pmc: PMC6470550
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
RNA, Viral
0
Types de publication
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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