Antibody responses to viral infections: a structural perspective across three different enveloped viruses.
Journal
Nature microbiology
ISSN: 2058-5276
Titre abrégé: Nat Microbiol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101674869
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2019
05 2019
Historique:
received:
08
08
2018
accepted:
29
01
2019
pubmed:
20
3
2019
medline:
27
6
2019
entrez:
20
3
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Antibodies serve as critical barriers to viral infection. Humoral immunity to a virus is achieved through the dual role of antibodies in communicating the presence of invading pathogens in infected cells to effector cells, and in interfering with processes essential to the viral life cycle (chiefly entry into the host cell). For individuals that successfully control infection, virus-elicited antibodies can provide lifelong surveillance and protection from future insults. One approach to understand the nature of a successful immune response has been to utilize structural biology to uncover the molecular details of antibodies derived from vaccines or natural infection and how they interact with their cognate microbial antigens. The ability to isolate antigen-specific B-cells and rapidly solve structures of functional, monoclonal antibodies in complex with viral glycoprotein surface antigens has greatly expanded our knowledge of the sites of vulnerability on viruses. In this Review, we compare the adaptive humoral immune responses to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza and filoviruses, with a particular focus on neutralizing antibodies. The pathogenesis of each of these viruses is quite different, providing an opportunity for comparison of immune responses: HIV causes a persistent, chronic infection; influenza, an acute infection with multiple exposures during a lifetime and annual vaccination; filoviruses, a virulent, acute infection. Neutralizing antibodies that develop under these different constraints are therefore sentinels that can provide insight into the underlying humoral immune responses, as well as important lessons to guide future development of vaccines and immunotherapeutics.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30886356
doi: 10.1038/s41564-019-0392-y
pii: 10.1038/s41564-019-0392-y
pmc: PMC6818971
mid: NIHMS1055166
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antibodies, Viral
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
734-747Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R56 AI127371
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : U19 AI109762
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : UM1 AI100663
Pays : United States
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