Allergic contact dermatitis caused by synthetic rubber gloves in healthcare workers: Sensitization to 1,3-diphenylguanidine is common.
Adult
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact
/ etiology
Dermatitis, Occupational
/ etiology
Ditiocarb
/ adverse effects
Elastomers
/ adverse effects
Female
Gloves, Surgical
/ adverse effects
Guanidines
/ adverse effects
Hand Dermatoses
/ chemically induced
Health Care Sector
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Patch Tests
Thiram
/ adverse effects
Young Adult
1,3-diphenylguanidine
allergic contact dermatitis
healthcare workers
rubber accelerators
rubber gloves
thiuram
Journal
Contact dermatitis
ISSN: 1600-0536
Titre abrégé: Contact Dermatitis
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7604950
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2019
Sep 2019
Historique:
received:
29
01
2019
revised:
12
03
2019
accepted:
16
03
2019
pubmed:
21
3
2019
medline:
24
1
2020
entrez:
21
3
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The frequency of allergic contact dermatitis has significantly increased in healthcare workers since the transition from latex to synthetic rubber gloves, with 1,3-diphenylguanidine being identified as the most frequently implicated allergen. To highlight the role of 1,3-diphenylguanidine as the culprit allergen in contact allergies to synthetic rubber gloves, to propose recommendations for patch testing, and to discuss alternatives for sensitized subjects. Patch test data from healthcare workers who developed hand dermatitis after wearing rubber gloves and who reacted positively to glove samples and rubber additives were collected from September 2010 to December 2017 in a Belgian hospital. A total of 44 caregivers were included in this study. Patch tests showed that: (a) 84% of the study population reacted positively to carba mix; (b) 86% reacted positively to 1,3-diphenylguanidine; and (c) 13 (30%) reacted positively to thiuram mix. Half of the subjects reacted positively to gloves containing 1,3-diphenylguanidine, whereas none reacted to accelerator-free gloves. The most commonly identified allergen was 1,3-diphenylguanidine, far ahead of thiurams, which were previously described as the most sensitizing accelerators. The use of 1,3-diphenylguanidine-free gloves is recommended. No subject reacted to gloves without accelerators, thus confirming their efficiency among accelerator-sensitized patients. We recommend that 1,3-diphenylguanidine be added to the European baseline series.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The frequency of allergic contact dermatitis has significantly increased in healthcare workers since the transition from latex to synthetic rubber gloves, with 1,3-diphenylguanidine being identified as the most frequently implicated allergen.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
To highlight the role of 1,3-diphenylguanidine as the culprit allergen in contact allergies to synthetic rubber gloves, to propose recommendations for patch testing, and to discuss alternatives for sensitized subjects.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
METHODS
Patch test data from healthcare workers who developed hand dermatitis after wearing rubber gloves and who reacted positively to glove samples and rubber additives were collected from September 2010 to December 2017 in a Belgian hospital.
RESULTS
RESULTS
A total of 44 caregivers were included in this study. Patch tests showed that: (a) 84% of the study population reacted positively to carba mix; (b) 86% reacted positively to 1,3-diphenylguanidine; and (c) 13 (30%) reacted positively to thiuram mix. Half of the subjects reacted positively to gloves containing 1,3-diphenylguanidine, whereas none reacted to accelerator-free gloves.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The most commonly identified allergen was 1,3-diphenylguanidine, far ahead of thiurams, which were previously described as the most sensitizing accelerators. The use of 1,3-diphenylguanidine-free gloves is recommended. No subject reacted to gloves without accelerators, thus confirming their efficiency among accelerator-sensitized patients. We recommend that 1,3-diphenylguanidine be added to the European baseline series.
Substances chimiques
Elastomers
0
Guanidines
0
Thiram
0D771IS0FH
carbamix
123618-05-3
diphenylguanidine
6MRZ85RNHQ
Ditiocarb
99Z2744345
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
167-173Informations de copyright
© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.