Developing drowning prevention strategies for rivers through the use of a modified Delphi process.
Accident Prevention
/ methods
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Alcohol Drinking
/ epidemiology
Child
Child, Preschool
Delphi Technique
Drowning
/ prevention & control
Female
Floods
/ statistics & numerical data
Humans
Income
Infant
Male
Middle Aged
Resuscitation
/ statistics & numerical data
Risk Factors
Rivers
Swimming
/ statistics & numerical data
Young Adult
behavior change
drowning
education
enforcement
methodology
public health
Journal
Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention
ISSN: 1475-5785
Titre abrégé: Inj Prev
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9510056
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2020
06 2020
Historique:
received:
17
01
2019
revised:
13
03
2019
accepted:
14
03
2019
pubmed:
1
4
2019
medline:
20
3
2021
entrez:
1
4
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Internationally, rivers are a leading drowning location, yet little evidence exists evaluating river drowning prevention strategies. This study aims to use expert opinion to identify strategies more likely to be effective. Using a modified Delphi process, a virtual panel of 30 experts from 12 countries considered, grouped and prioritised strategies for river drowning prevention. Proposed strategies were assessed against known evidence and suitability in high-income countries (HICs) as well as low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) using expert opinion. The final phase consolidated a list of strategies whose effectiveness was assessed against 10 evidence-based river drowning scenarios. An initial list of 424 prevention strategies was refined to 22. After being assessed against the 10 scenarios, a final list of 13 strategies was derived. Strategies addressed alcohol consumption around rivers, flood mitigation, improving child supervision, learning to swim, increased lifejacket wear and achieving community-wide resuscitation skills. While all 13 strategies were assessed as being effective in both LMICs and HICs by at least 60% of the respondents, further work is required to define river drowning at a country level and therefore allow for effective solutions to be developed, particularly in LMICs. No strategy will be effective in isolation and must be implemented alongside policy and behaviour change, public awareness and education. Evaluation should be incorporated as part of any future implementation of strategies. This Delphi process identified 13 drowning prevention strategies for rivers. Further research is required to validate the efficacy of these findings through implementation and evaluation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 30928913
pii: injuryprev-2019-043156
doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043156
pmc: PMC7279562
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
240-247Informations de copyright
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Competing interests: None declared.
Références
Am J Public Health. 2000 Apr;90(4):523-6
pubmed: 10754963
BMJ Open. 2017 Dec 21;7(12):e019407
pubmed: 29273670
Pediatrics. 2012 Dec;130(6):e1621-8
pubmed: 23147971
Accid Anal Prev. 2005 Jul;37(4):689-98
pubmed: 15949461
Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1970 Dec;60(12):2229-34
pubmed: 5530409
PLoS One. 2016 Aug 12;11(8):e0160709
pubmed: 27517313
Inj Prev. 1999 Sep;5(3):203-7
pubmed: 10518268
Health Promot J Austr. 2018 Aug;29(2):144-152
pubmed: 30159988
Am J Emerg Med. 2016 Nov;34(11):2224-2226
pubmed: 27575579
Public Health Rep. 1988 Jul-Aug;103(4):406-11
pubmed: 3136500
J Paediatr Child Health. 2011 Jan;47(1-2):44-7
pubmed: 20973865
Am J Public Health. 1974 Apr;64(4):303-12
pubmed: 4818067
Accid Anal Prev. 2017 Jan;98:259-265
pubmed: 27771578
West J Emerg Med. 2013 Mar;14(2):200-3
pubmed: 23599870
Nurse Res. 2004;12(1):35-46
pubmed: 15493213
Int J Epidemiol. 2004 Oct;33(5):1053-63
pubmed: 15218012
Inj Prev. 2016 Jun;22(3):202-9
pubmed: 26728005
Accid Anal Prev. 2008 Nov;40(6):1977-81
pubmed: 19068303
Health Promot Int. 2001 Mar;16(1):47-54
pubmed: 11257852
Inj Prev. 2007 Jun;13(3):178-82
pubmed: 17567973
Pediatrics. 1991 Aug;88(2):379-83
pubmed: 1861943
Health Promot. 1987;2(3):263-74
pubmed: 10303001
PLoS One. 2018 May 2;13(5):e0196421
pubmed: 29718971
Inj Prev. 2009 Apr;15(2):75-9
pubmed: 19346418
Resuscitation. 2014 Sep;85(9):1149-52
pubmed: 24911403
Inj Prev. 2015 Jun;21(3):195-204
pubmed: 25189166
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2008 Jun;15(2):122-3
pubmed: 18642170
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2013;20(3):282-94
pubmed: 22950370
Accid Anal Prev. 2007 May;39(3):437-43
pubmed: 17331457
BMJ. 2002 May 11;324(7346):1129
pubmed: 12003885
Health Promot J Austr. 2019 Apr;30(2):258-262
pubmed: 30134008