Future perspectives of anticholinergics for the treatment of asthma in adults and children.

Despite major advances in therapeutic interventions and the availability of detailed treatment guidelines, a high proportion of patients with symptomatic asthma remain uncontrolled. Asthma management is largely guided by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) strategy and is based on a backbone of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy with the use of additional therapies to achieve disease control. Inhaled long-acting bronchodilators alone and in combination are the preferred add-on treatment options. Although long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) are a relatively recent addition to disease management recommendations for asthma, tiotropium has been extensively studied in a large clinical trial program. In Europe and the United States, tiotropium is approved for patients aged ≥6 years and uncontrolled on medium- to high-dose ICS/long-acting β

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Disclosure The authors declare the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: RB has received grants and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, and Roche, and personal fees from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, and Teva. EH declares that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.