The truth about cognitive impairment in functional motor symptoms: An experimental deception study with the Guilty Knowledge Task.


Journal

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
ISSN: 1532-2653
Titre abrégé: J Clin Neurosci
Pays: Scotland
ID NLM: 9433352

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jun 2019
Historique:
received: 10 01 2019
accepted: 07 03 2019
pubmed: 4 4 2019
medline: 11 7 2019
entrez: 4 4 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

A century ago, Janet was the first to conceptualize conversion reactions as having a neurocognitive component, as disorders of memory processing that arise in the wake of trauma. The available evidence suggests that this impairment might arise from dysfunction in the fronto-subcortical circuits. Our aim was to examine the cognitive functions regulating deception in patients with functional motor symptoms (FMS), using a computerised task, the Guilty Knowledge Task (GKT). We also tested a group of healthy subjects (HS) as a control group. Thirteen patients affected by FMS and 14 HS underwent a modified version of the GKT, a computer-controlled procedure used to detect truthful and deceptive responses. All participants were also screened for depression, anxiety, alexithymia and for moral sense (moral judgment task). The reaction times (RTs) were significantly longer for lie responses than for true responses (F(1,26) = 50.47; p < 0.001) in the two groups. Total RTs were significantly longer for patients with FMS than for HS, in true responses (F(1,25) = 4,36; p = 0.047) and lie responses (F(1,25) = 4.26; p = 0.05). No differences were found between the two groups for accuracy in producing true responses (F(1,25) = 0.09, p = 0.77), and lie responses (F(1,25) = 0,12, p = 0.73. When tested with the GKT, patients with FMS were slower than HS in producing truthful and lying responses. Current knowledge along with our new findings in patients with FMS - possibly arising from individually unrecognised extremely mild, cognitive difficulties - should help in designing specific rehabilitative programmes to improve cognitive and behavioural disturbances in these patients.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
A century ago, Janet was the first to conceptualize conversion reactions as having a neurocognitive component, as disorders of memory processing that arise in the wake of trauma. The available evidence suggests that this impairment might arise from dysfunction in the fronto-subcortical circuits. Our aim was to examine the cognitive functions regulating deception in patients with functional motor symptoms (FMS), using a computerised task, the Guilty Knowledge Task (GKT). We also tested a group of healthy subjects (HS) as a control group.
MATERIALS AND METHODS METHODS
Thirteen patients affected by FMS and 14 HS underwent a modified version of the GKT, a computer-controlled procedure used to detect truthful and deceptive responses. All participants were also screened for depression, anxiety, alexithymia and for moral sense (moral judgment task).
RESULTS RESULTS
The reaction times (RTs) were significantly longer for lie responses than for true responses (F(1,26) = 50.47; p < 0.001) in the two groups. Total RTs were significantly longer for patients with FMS than for HS, in true responses (F(1,25) = 4,36; p = 0.047) and lie responses (F(1,25) = 4.26; p = 0.05). No differences were found between the two groups for accuracy in producing true responses (F(1,25) = 0.09, p = 0.77), and lie responses (F(1,25) = 0,12, p = 0.73.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
When tested with the GKT, patients with FMS were slower than HS in producing truthful and lying responses. Current knowledge along with our new findings in patients with FMS - possibly arising from individually unrecognised extremely mild, cognitive difficulties - should help in designing specific rehabilitative programmes to improve cognitive and behavioural disturbances in these patients.

Identifiants

pubmed: 30940452
pii: S0967-5868(19)30055-4
doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.03.005
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

174-179

Commentaires et corrections

Type : ErratumIn

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Benedetta Demartini (B)

Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Unità di Psichiatria, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Italy. Electronic address: benedetta.demartini@unimi.it.

Roberta Ferrucci (R)

Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; III Clinica Neurologica, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Italy.

Diana Goeta (D)

Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Unità di Psichiatria, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy.

Fabiana Ruggiero (F)

Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; III Clinica Neurologica, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy.

Armando D'Agostino (A)

Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Unità di Psichiatria, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy.

Alberto Priori (A)

Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; III Clinica Neurologica, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Italy.

Orsola Gambini (O)

Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Unità di Psichiatria, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Italy.

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