Preventing adolescent stress-induced cognitive and microbiome changes by diet.
SCFA
contextual fear conditioning
gut microbiota
memory
novel object recognition
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ISSN: 1091-6490
Titre abrégé: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7505876
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 05 2019
07 05 2019
Historique:
pubmed:
24
4
2019
medline:
17
3
2020
entrez:
24
4
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Psychological stress during adolescence may cause enduring cognitive deficits and anxiety in both humans and animals, accompanied by rearrangement of numerous brain structures and functions. A healthy diet is essential for proper brain development and maintenance of optimal cognitive functions during adulthood. Furthermore, nutritional components profoundly affect the intestinal community of microbes that may affect gut-brain communication. We adopted a relatively mild stress protocol, social instability stress, which when repeatedly administered to juvenile rats modifies cognitive behaviors and plasticity markers in the brain. We then tested the preventive effect of a prolonged diet enriched with the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid and vitamin A. Our findings highlight the beneficial effects of this enriched diet on cognitive memory impairment induced by social instability stress, as stressed rats fed the enriched diet exhibited performance undistinguishable from that of nonstressed rats on both emotional and reference memory tests. Furthermore, in stressed rats, the decline in brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the hippocampus and shifts in the microbiota composition were normalized by the enriched diet. The detrimental behavioral and neurochemical effects of adolescent stress, as well as the protective effect of the enriched diet, were maintained throughout adulthood, long after the exposure to the stressful environment was terminated. Taken together, our results strongly suggest a beneficial role of nutritional components in ameliorating stress-related behaviors and associated neurochemical and microbiota changes, opening possible new venues in the field of nutritional neuropsychopharmacology.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31010921
pii: 1820832116
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1820832116
pmc: PMC6511019
doi:
Substances chimiques
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
9644-9651Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of interest statement: J.F.C. and C. Stanton have received research funding from Dupont Nutrition Biosciences APS, Cremo SA, Alkermes Inc., 4D Pharma PLC, Mead Johnson Nutrition, Nutricia Danone, and Suntory Wellness and have spoken at meetings sponsored by food and pharmaceutical companies.
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