Drug levels and bleeding complications in atrial fibrillation patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants.
Administration, Oral
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Antithrombins
/ administration & dosage
Atrial Fibrillation
/ blood
Blood Coagulation
/ drug effects
Dabigatran
/ adverse effects
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drug Monitoring
Female
Hemorrhage
/ blood
Humans
Italy
Male
Middle Aged
Pyrazoles
/ adverse effects
Pyridones
/ adverse effects
Registries
Risk Factors
Rivaroxaban
/ adverse effects
Treatment Outcome
atrial fibrillation
bleeds
direct oral anticoagulant
level
peak
Journal
Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH
ISSN: 1538-7836
Titre abrégé: J Thromb Haemost
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101170508
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2019
07 2019
Historique:
received:
02
11
2018
accepted:
16
04
2019
pubmed:
24
4
2019
medline:
15
7
2020
entrez:
24
4
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Essentials Currently, DOACs are given at fixed doses and do not require laboratory monitoring. Direct oral anticoagulant-specific measurements were performed at trough and peak. Patients who developed bleeding events showed higher DOAC plasma levels at peak. This study suggests the need of a more accurate DOAC dose assessment. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are administered at fixed dose. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between DOAC C-trough or C-peak plasma levels and bleeding complications in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Five hundred sixty five consecutive naive NVAF patients were enrolled. The DOAC measurements at C-trough and at C-peak (available in 411 patients) were performed at steady state, within the first month of treatment. Major bleeding (MB), clinically relevant non-major bleeding (CRNMB), and minor bleeding (MinB), occurring during 1 year of follow-up after blood sampling, were recorded. For each DOAC, interval of C-trough and C-peak levels was subdivided into four equal classes and results were attributed to these classes; the median values of results were also calculated. Two hundred eight patients were on apixaban, 185 on dabigatran, and 172 on rivaroxaban. For 1-[qqqdeletezzz] year follow up for all patients, we observed: 19 MB (3.36%), 6 CRNMB (1.06%), and 47 MinB (8.31%). The prevalence of bleeding patients with anticoagulant levels in the upper classes of C-peak activity (II + III + IV) was higher than that in the lowest class. Normalized results of C-peak levels were higher in patients with bleeding than in those without bleeding. Bleeding complications during DOAC treatment were more frequent among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with higher C-peak anticoagulant levels. In addition to a previous study that showed an increased risk of thrombotic complications in the patients with low C-trough levels, this study seems to indicate that patients with NVAF on DOACs would need a more accurate definition of their optimal therapeutic window.
Sections du résumé
Essentials Currently, DOACs are given at fixed doses and do not require laboratory monitoring. Direct oral anticoagulant-specific measurements were performed at trough and peak. Patients who developed bleeding events showed higher DOAC plasma levels at peak. This study suggests the need of a more accurate DOAC dose assessment.
BACKGROUND
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are administered at fixed dose. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between DOAC C-trough or C-peak plasma levels and bleeding complications in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).
METHODS
Five hundred sixty five consecutive naive NVAF patients were enrolled. The DOAC measurements at C-trough and at C-peak (available in 411 patients) were performed at steady state, within the first month of treatment. Major bleeding (MB), clinically relevant non-major bleeding (CRNMB), and minor bleeding (MinB), occurring during 1 year of follow-up after blood sampling, were recorded. For each DOAC, interval of C-trough and C-peak levels was subdivided into four equal classes and results were attributed to these classes; the median values of results were also calculated.
RESULTS
Two hundred eight patients were on apixaban, 185 on dabigatran, and 172 on rivaroxaban. For 1-[qqqdeletezzz] year follow up for all patients, we observed: 19 MB (3.36%), 6 CRNMB (1.06%), and 47 MinB (8.31%). The prevalence of bleeding patients with anticoagulant levels in the upper classes of C-peak activity (II + III + IV) was higher than that in the lowest class. Normalized results of C-peak levels were higher in patients with bleeding than in those without bleeding.
CONCLUSIONS
Bleeding complications during DOAC treatment were more frequent among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with higher C-peak anticoagulant levels. In addition to a previous study that showed an increased risk of thrombotic complications in the patients with low C-trough levels, this study seems to indicate that patients with NVAF on DOACs would need a more accurate definition of their optimal therapeutic window.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31013383
doi: 10.1111/jth.14457
pmc: PMC6852698
pii: S1538-7836(22)14360-6
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antithrombins
0
Pyrazoles
0
Pyridones
0
apixaban
3Z9Y7UWC1J
Rivaroxaban
9NDF7JZ4M3
Dabigatran
I0VM4M70GC
Types de publication
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Observational Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1064-1072Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis.
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