Descriptive Psychopathology of the Acute Effects of Intravenous Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Administration in Humans.
cannabis-associated psychosis
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
placebo
schizophrenia
Journal
Brain sciences
ISSN: 2076-3425
Titre abrégé: Brain Sci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101598646
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
25 Apr 2019
25 Apr 2019
Historique:
received:
03
04
2019
revised:
18
04
2019
accepted:
19
04
2019
entrez:
28
4
2019
pubmed:
28
4
2019
medline:
28
4
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Cannabis use can increase the risk of psychosis, and the acute administration of its key psychoactive ingredient, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC), can induce transient psychotomimetic symptoms. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover design was used to investigate the symptomatic effects of acute intravenous administration of ∆9-THC (1.19 mg/2 mL) in 16 healthy participants (seven males) with modest previous cannabis exposure. In the 20 min following acute ∆9-THC administration, symptomatic effects of at least mild severity were present in 94% of the cohort, with moderate to severe symptoms having a much lower prevalence (19%). Nearly one-third (31%) of the volunteers were still experiencing protracted mild symptomatic effects 2.5 h after exposure to ∆9-THC. Compared to the Δ9-THC challenge, most of the study participants did not experience any symptomatic effects following placebo administration (62%). Acute physical reactions were 2.5 times more frequent after Δ9-THC (31%) than placebo (12%). Male and female participants differed in terms of acute Δ9-THC effects, with some negative symptoms occurring more frequently in female (56% to 89%) than male participants (0% to 29%), and acute physical reactions occurring exclusively in the female gender (56%). These results have implications for future research, also in light of cannabis being the most widely used illicit drug.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Cannabis use can increase the risk of psychosis, and the acute administration of its key psychoactive ingredient, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC), can induce transient psychotomimetic symptoms.
METHODS
METHODS
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover design was used to investigate the symptomatic effects of acute intravenous administration of ∆9-THC (1.19 mg/2 mL) in 16 healthy participants (seven males) with modest previous cannabis exposure.
RESULTS
RESULTS
In the 20 min following acute ∆9-THC administration, symptomatic effects of at least mild severity were present in 94% of the cohort, with moderate to severe symptoms having a much lower prevalence (19%). Nearly one-third (31%) of the volunteers were still experiencing protracted mild symptomatic effects 2.5 h after exposure to ∆9-THC. Compared to the Δ9-THC challenge, most of the study participants did not experience any symptomatic effects following placebo administration (62%). Acute physical reactions were 2.5 times more frequent after Δ9-THC (31%) than placebo (12%). Male and female participants differed in terms of acute Δ9-THC effects, with some negative symptoms occurring more frequently in female (56% to 89%) than male participants (0% to 29%), and acute physical reactions occurring exclusively in the female gender (56%).
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
These results have implications for future research, also in light of cannabis being the most widely used illicit drug.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31027219
pii: brainsci9040093
doi: 10.3390/brainsci9040093
pmc: PMC6523579
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/J012149/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Department of Health
ID : NIHR-CS-011-001
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions
ID : 608765
Organisme : NIHR Clinician Scientist Award
ID : NIHR CS-11-001
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