Are morphologic features of recent small subcortical infarcts related to specific etiologic aspects?

cerebral small-vessel disease etiology lacunar stroke magnetic resonance imaging recent small subcortical infarcts risk factor

Journal

Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders
ISSN: 1756-2856
Titre abrégé: Ther Adv Neurol Disord
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101480242

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2019
Historique:
received: 14 02 2019
accepted: 10 01 2019
entrez: 2 5 2019
pubmed: 2 5 2019
medline: 2 5 2019
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Recent small subcortical infarcts (RSSIs) mostly result from the occlusion of a single, small, brain artery due to intrinsic cerebral small-vessel disease (CSVD). Some RSSIs may be attributable to other causes such as cardiac embolism or large-artery disease, and their association with coexisting CSVD and vascular risk factors may vary with morphological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. We retrospectively identified all inpatients with a single symptomatic MRI-confirmed RSSI between 2008 and 2013. RSSIs were rated for size, shape, location (i.e. anterior: basal ganglia and centrum semiovale posterior cerebral circulation: thalamus and pons) and MRI signs of concomitant CSVD. In a further step, clinical data, including detailed diagnostic workup and vascular risk factors, were analyzed with regard to RSSI features. Among 335 RSSI patients (mean age 71.1 ± 12.1 years), 131 (39%) RSSIs were >15 mm in axial diameter and 66 (20%) were tubular shaped. Atrial fibrillation (AF) was present in 44 (13.1%) and an ipsilateral vessel stenosis > 50% in 30 (9%) patients. Arterial hypertension and CSVD MRI markers were more frequent in patients with anterior-circulation RSSIs, whereas diabetes was more prevalent in posterior-circulation RSSIs. Larger RSSIs occurred more frequently in the basal ganglia and pons, and the latter were associated with signs of large-artery atherosclerosis. Patients with concomitant AF had no specific MRI profile. Our findings suggest the contribution of different pathophysiological mechanisms to the occurrence of RSSIs in the anterior and posterior cerebral circulation. While there appears to be some general association of larger infarcts in the pons with large-artery disease, we found no pattern suggestive of AF in RSSIs.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Recent small subcortical infarcts (RSSIs) mostly result from the occlusion of a single, small, brain artery due to intrinsic cerebral small-vessel disease (CSVD). Some RSSIs may be attributable to other causes such as cardiac embolism or large-artery disease, and their association with coexisting CSVD and vascular risk factors may vary with morphological magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features.
METHODS METHODS
We retrospectively identified all inpatients with a single symptomatic MRI-confirmed RSSI between 2008 and 2013. RSSIs were rated for size, shape, location (i.e. anterior: basal ganglia and centrum semiovale posterior cerebral circulation: thalamus and pons) and MRI signs of concomitant CSVD. In a further step, clinical data, including detailed diagnostic workup and vascular risk factors, were analyzed with regard to RSSI features.
RESULTS RESULTS
Among 335 RSSI patients (mean age 71.1 ± 12.1 years), 131 (39%) RSSIs were >15 mm in axial diameter and 66 (20%) were tubular shaped. Atrial fibrillation (AF) was present in 44 (13.1%) and an ipsilateral vessel stenosis > 50% in 30 (9%) patients. Arterial hypertension and CSVD MRI markers were more frequent in patients with anterior-circulation RSSIs, whereas diabetes was more prevalent in posterior-circulation RSSIs. Larger RSSIs occurred more frequently in the basal ganglia and pons, and the latter were associated with signs of large-artery atherosclerosis. Patients with concomitant AF had no specific MRI profile.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest the contribution of different pathophysiological mechanisms to the occurrence of RSSIs in the anterior and posterior cerebral circulation. While there appears to be some general association of larger infarcts in the pons with large-artery disease, we found no pattern suggestive of AF in RSSIs.

Identifiants

pubmed: 31040879
doi: 10.1177/1756286419835716
pii: 10.1177_1756286419835716
pmc: PMC6477767
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

1756286419835716

Subventions

Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/J006971/1
Pays : United Kingdom

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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Auteurs

Sebastian Eppinger (S)

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Thomas Gattringer (T)

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, A-8036 Graz, Austria.

Lena Nachbaur (L)

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Simon Fandler (S)

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Lukas Pirpamer (L)

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Stefan Ropele (S)

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Joanna Wardlaw (J)

Brain Research Imaging Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Christian Enzinger (C)

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Franz Fazekas (F)

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Classifications MeSH