Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel⁻Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)-Primary Results.
backscattered electron microscopy
coating stability
esthetic archwires
Journal
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 1996-1944
Titre abrégé: Materials (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101555929
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
30 Apr 2019
30 Apr 2019
Historique:
received:
12
04
2019
revised:
24
04
2019
accepted:
25
04
2019
entrez:
5
5
2019
pubmed:
6
5
2019
medline:
6
5
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
There is continuing interest in engineering esthetic labial archwires. The aim of this study was to coat nickel-titanium (NiTi) and beta-titanium (β-Ti), also known as titanium molybdenum (TMA), archwires by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and to analyze the characteristics of the PEO-surfaces. PEO-coatings were generated on 0.014-inch NiTi and 0.19 × 0.25-inch β-Ti archwires. The surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscopy. Cytocompatibility testing was performed with ceramized and untreated samples according to EN ISO 10993-5 in XTT-, BrdU- and LDH-assays. The direct cell impact was analyzed using LIVE-/DEAD-staining. In addition, the archwires were inserted in an orthodontic model and photographs were taken before and after insertion. The PEO coatings were 15 to 20 µm thick with a whitish appearance. The cytocompatibility analysis revealed good cytocompatibility results for both ceramized NiTi and β-Ti archwires. In the direct cell tests, the ceramized samples showed improved compatibility as compared to those of uncoated samples. However, bending of the archwires resulted in loss of the PEO-surfaces. Nevertheless, it was possible to insert the β-Ti PEO-coated archwire in an orthodontic model without loss of the PEO-ceramic. PEO is a promising technique for the generation of esthetic orthodontic archwires. Since the PEO-coating does not resist bending, its clinical use seems to be limited so far to orthodontic techniques using straight or pre-bent archwires.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND/AIM
OBJECTIVE
There is continuing interest in engineering esthetic labial archwires. The aim of this study was to coat nickel-titanium (NiTi) and beta-titanium (β-Ti), also known as titanium molybdenum (TMA), archwires by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and to analyze the characteristics of the PEO-surfaces.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
METHODS
PEO-coatings were generated on 0.014-inch NiTi and 0.19 × 0.25-inch β-Ti archwires. The surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscopy. Cytocompatibility testing was performed with ceramized and untreated samples according to EN ISO 10993-5 in XTT-, BrdU- and LDH-assays. The direct cell impact was analyzed using LIVE-/DEAD-staining. In addition, the archwires were inserted in an orthodontic model and photographs were taken before and after insertion.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The PEO coatings were 15 to 20 µm thick with a whitish appearance. The cytocompatibility analysis revealed good cytocompatibility results for both ceramized NiTi and β-Ti archwires. In the direct cell tests, the ceramized samples showed improved compatibility as compared to those of uncoated samples. However, bending of the archwires resulted in loss of the PEO-surfaces. Nevertheless, it was possible to insert the β-Ti PEO-coated archwire in an orthodontic model without loss of the PEO-ceramic.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
PEO is a promising technique for the generation of esthetic orthodontic archwires. Since the PEO-coating does not resist bending, its clinical use seems to be limited so far to orthodontic techniques using straight or pre-bent archwires.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31052150
pii: ma12091403
doi: 10.3390/ma12091403
pmc: PMC6539843
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Références
Biomaterials. 2003 Aug;24(17):2941-53
pubmed: 12742734
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009 Mar;135(3):276.e1-12; discussion 276-7
pubmed: 19268820
Angle Orthod. 2011 May;81(3):383-8
pubmed: 21261488
Acta Biomater. 2013 Feb;9(2):5411-20
pubmed: 23022544
Eur J Orthod. 2014 Feb;36(1):31-8
pubmed: 23382468
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2013 Aug;101(6):1023-30
pubmed: 23529975
Eur J Orthod. 2014 Jun;36(3):290-6
pubmed: 23873791
Angle Orthod. 2014 May;84(3):417-23
pubmed: 24168402
Angle Orthod. 2014 Jul;84(4):665-72
pubmed: 24308528
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2014 Oct;43:172-81
pubmed: 25175202
Angle Orthod. 2015 Sep;85(5):881-9
pubmed: 25412265
J Orthod. 2016 Mar;43(1):68-76
pubmed: 25939782
Acta Biomater. 2015 Sep;23:354-363
pubmed: 26073090
In Vivo. 2016 Jan-Feb;30(1):27-33
pubmed: 26709125
Toxicol In Vitro. 2016 Aug;34:88-96
pubmed: 27039991
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016 Jun;149(6):820-9
pubmed: 27241992
In Vivo. 2018 Mar-Apr;32(2):241-247
pubmed: 29475905
Int Orthod. 2018 Dec;16(4):638-651
pubmed: 30385291
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2019 Jan 1;94:76-85
pubmed: 30423762
Biomed Res Int. 2018 Nov 1;2018:4734986
pubmed: 30515400
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jan 10;20(2):null
pubmed: 30634646
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2019 Jan-Feb;9(1):60-64
pubmed: 30923695
Acta Biomater. 2019 Apr 6;:null
pubmed: 30959185