The Impact of Testicular Torsion on Testicular Function.
Fertility
Infertility, male
Spermatic cord torsion
Testicular torsion
Testis
Testosterone
Journal
The world journal of men's health
ISSN: 2287-4208
Titre abrégé: World J Mens Health
Pays: Korea (South)
ID NLM: 101596899
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2020
Jul 2020
Historique:
received:
28
02
2019
accepted:
17
03
2019
pubmed:
14
5
2019
medline:
14
5
2019
entrez:
14
5
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Torsion of the spermatic cord is a urological emergency that must be treated with acute surgery. Possible long-term effects of torsion on testicular function are controversial. This review aims to address the impact of testicular torsion (TT) on the endocrine- and exocrine-function of the testis, including possible negative effects of torsion on the function of the contralateral testis. Testis tissue survival after TT is dependent on the degree and duration of TT. TT has been demonstrated to cause long-term decrease in sperm motility and reduce overall sperm counts. Reduced semen quality might be caused by ischemic damage and reperfusion injury. In contrast, most studies find endocrine parameters to be unaffected after torsion, although few report minor alterations in levels of gonadotropins and testosterone. Contralateral damage after unilateral TT has been suggested by histological abnormalities in the contralateral testis after orchiectomy of the torsed testis. The evidence is, however, limited as most human studies are small case-series. Theories as to what causes contralateral damage mainly derive from animal studies making it difficult to interpret the results in a human context. Large long-term follow-up studies are needed to clearly uncover changes in testicular function after TT and to determine the clinical impact of such changes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31081295
pii: 37.e20
doi: 10.5534/wjmh.190037
pmc: PMC7308234
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
298-307Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
Références
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2019 Dec;35(12):821-825
pubmed: 28953100
Clin Exp Immunol. 1984 Jan;55(1):49-57
pubmed: 6362937
Br J Surg. 1985 Mar;72(3):237-8
pubmed: 3919800
J Urol. 1989 May;141(5):1129-32
pubmed: 2496239
Biol Reprod. 1993 Aug;49(2):401-7
pubmed: 8373967
J Pediatr Surg. 2010 Feb;45(2):411-3
pubmed: 20152363
J Pediatr Urol. 2018 Oct;14(5):394-401
pubmed: 30087037
Hum Reprod. 1993 Apr;8(4):592-8
pubmed: 8501191
J Pediatr Urol. 2017 Oct;13(5):516.e1-516.e4
pubmed: 28476481
J Pediatr Surg. 1994 Apr;29(4):553-6
pubmed: 8014814
Br J Urol. 1989 May;63(5):522-4
pubmed: 2731010
Urology. 1994 Sep;44(3):413-8
pubmed: 8073557
Int J Androl. 1982 Jun;5(3):276-81
pubmed: 6811444
J Androl. 1990 Sep-Oct;11(5):401-8
pubmed: 2254174
J Urol. 1988 May;139(5):961-4
pubmed: 3129583
Urol Res. 2004 Feb;32(1):51-4
pubmed: 14579109
J Pediatr Surg. 1999 May;34(5):680-3
pubmed: 10359163
Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1993;27(1):1-6
pubmed: 8493455
Curr Urol. 2012 Sep;6(2):57-61
pubmed: 24917714
Andrologia. 1982 Jan-Feb;14(1):25-30
pubmed: 7039415
Br J Urol. 1986 Dec;58(6):698-704
pubmed: 3099882
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Apr 1;102(4):1161-1173
pubmed: 28324103
Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2016 Feb;26(1):17-21
pubmed: 26509312
Br J Urol. 1990 May;65(5):520-3
pubmed: 2354319
Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1991;25(4):255-9
pubmed: 1685802
Urol Int. 1992;49(3):154-7
pubmed: 1466093
Urology. 2018 Apr;114:163-166
pubmed: 29203186
J Urol. 1980 Sep;124(3):375-8
pubmed: 6776291
J Urol. 2016 Sep;196(3):852-5
pubmed: 27117442
Lancet. 1984 Dec 15;2(8416):1357-60
pubmed: 6150364
ScientificWorldJournal. 2011 Feb 14;11:362-8
pubmed: 21336452
Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2008 Jan;4(1):113-26
pubmed: 20477591
J Pediatr Surg. 1985 Dec;20(6):598-601
pubmed: 4087084
J Urol. 1991 Feb;145(2):297-9
pubmed: 1988721
Urol Res. 1997;25(6):413-5
pubmed: 9443651
J Urol. 1998 Sep;160(3 Pt 2):1158-60
pubmed: 9719299
J Urol. 1992 Jun;147(6):1545-50
pubmed: 1593686
Med J Armed Forces India. 1999 Jul;55(3):206-208
pubmed: 28790570
J Urol. 1982 Dec;128(6):1343-8
pubmed: 7154207
Andrologia. 1984 May-Jun;16(3):239-43
pubmed: 6431848
J Urol. 2004 Dec;172(6 Pt 2):2574-8
pubmed: 15538211
Int J Androl. 2004 Aug;27(4):189-91
pubmed: 15271197
Clin Chim Acta. 2015 Apr 15;444:29-36
pubmed: 25659295
Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 1996;179:139-42
pubmed: 8908680
J Urol. 1996 Jan;155(1):350-4
pubmed: 7490885
Eur Urol. 1999 Dec;36(6):640-4
pubmed: 10559620
Int J Androl. 1993 Oct;16(5):311-4
pubmed: 8276524
J Androl. 2007 Jul-Aug;28(4):528-32
pubmed: 17287456