Exposure of the Host-Associated Microbiome to Nutrient-Rich Conditions May Lead to Dysbiosis and Disease Development-an Evolutionary Perspective.
dysbiosis
fasting
holobiont
host-microbe homeostasis
inflammatory disease
metaorganism
microbiome
overfeeding
starvation
Journal
mBio
ISSN: 2150-7511
Titre abrégé: mBio
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101519231
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
14 05 2019
14 05 2019
Historique:
entrez:
16
5
2019
pubmed:
16
5
2019
medline:
6
7
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, are dramatically increasing worldwide, but an understanding of the underlying factors is lacking. We here present an ecoevolutionary perspective on the emergence of inflammatory diseases. We propose that adaptation has led to fine-tuned host-microbe interactions, which are maintained by secreted host metabolites nourishing the associated microbes. A constant elevation of nutrients in the gut environment leads to an increased activity and changed functionality of the microbiota, thus severely disturbing host-microbe interactions and leading to dysbiosis and disease development. In the past, starvation and pathogen infections, causing diarrhea, were common incidences that reset the gut bacterial community to its "human-specific-baseline." However, these natural clearing mechanisms have been virtually eradicated in developed countries, allowing a constant uncontrolled growth of bacteria. This leads to an increase of bacterial products that stimulate the immune system and ultimately might initiate inflammatory reactions.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31088923
pii: mBio.00355-19
doi: 10.1128/mBio.00355-19
pmc: PMC6520449
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Nutrients
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Lachnit et al.
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