The Impact of Childhood Obesity on Skeletal Health and Development.
Bone
Child
Fracture
Hormone
Marrow
Obesity
Journal
Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome
ISSN: 2508-7576
Titre abrégé: J Obes Metab Syndr
Pays: Korea (South)
ID NLM: 101704724
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Mar 2019
Mar 2019
Historique:
received:
14
01
2019
revised:
24
01
2019
accepted:
18
02
2019
entrez:
16
5
2019
pubmed:
16
5
2019
medline:
16
5
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Increased risk of fracture identified in obese children has led to a focus on the relationship between fat, bone, and the impact of obesity during skeletal development. Early studies have suggested that despite increased fracture risk, obese children have a higher bone mass. However, body size corrections applied to account for wide variations in size between children led to the finding that obese children have a lower total body and regional bone mass relative to their body size. Advances in skeletal imaging have shifted the focus from quantity of bone in obese children to evaluating the changes in bone microarchitecture that result in a change in bone quality and strength. The findings suggest that bone strength in the appendicular skeleton does not appropriately adapt to an increase in body size which results in a mismatch between bone strength and force from falls. Recent evidence points to differing influences of fat compartments on skeletal development-visceral fat may have a negative impact on bone which may be related to the associated adverse metabolic environment, while marrow adipose tissue may have an independent effect on trabecular bone development in obese children. The role of brown fat has received recent attention, demonstrating differences in the influence on bone mass between white and brown adipose tissues. Obesity results in a shift in growth and pubertal hormones as well as influences bone development through the altered release of adipokines. The change in the hormonal milieu provides an important insight into the skeletal changes observed in childhood obesity.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31089575
doi: 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.1.4
pii: jomes-28-004
pmc: PMC6484936
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
4-17Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The author declares no conflict of interest.
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