Seasonal abundance of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans in southwest England.
Alsynite traps
biting flies
climate
donkey
hosts
pest management
Journal
Medical and veterinary entomology
ISSN: 1365-2915
Titre abrégé: Med Vet Entomol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8708682
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2019
12 2019
Historique:
received:
10
01
2019
revised:
29
04
2019
accepted:
02
05
2019
pubmed:
31
5
2019
medline:
3
1
2020
entrez:
1
6
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) is a cosmopolitan biting fly of both economic and welfare concern, primarily as a result of its painful bite, which can cause blood loss, discomfort and loss of productivity in livestock. Between June and November in 2016 and May and December in 2017, Alsynite sticky-traps were deployed at four Donkey Sanctuary sites in southwest England, which experience recurrent seasonal biting fly problems. The aim was to evaluate the seasonal dynamics of the stable fly populations and the risk factors associated with abundance. In total, 19 835 S. calcitrans were trapped during the study period. In both years, abundance increased gradually over summer months, peaking in late August/September. There were no relationships between seasonally detrended abundance and any climatic factors. Fly abundance was significantly different between sites and population size was consistent between years at three of the four sites. The median chronological age, as determined by pteridine analysis of flies caught live when blood-feeding, was 4.67 days (interquartile range 3.8-6.2 days) in males and 6.79 days (interquartile range 4.8-10.4 days) in females; there was no significant, consistent change in age or age structure over time, suggesting that adult flies emerge continuously over the summer, rather than in discrete age-related cohorts. The data suggest that flies are more abundant in the vicinity of active animal facilities, although the strong behavioural association between flies and their hosts means that they are less likely to be caught on traps where host availability is high. The implications of these results for fly management are discussed.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
485-490Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Royal Entomological Society.
Références
Agee, H.R. & Patterson, R.S. (1983) Spectral sensitivity of stable, face, and horn flies and behavioral responses of stable flies to visual traps (Diptera: Muscidae). Environmental Entomology, 12, 1823-1828.
Beresford, D.V. & Sutcliffe, J.F. (2006) Studies on the effectiveness of Coroplast sticky traps for sampling stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae), including a comparison to Alsynite. Journal of Economic Entomology, 99, 1025-1035.
Broce, A.B. & Haas, M.S. (1999) Relation of cattle manure age to colonization by stable fly and house fly (Diptera: Muscidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 72, 60-72.
Broce, A.B., Hogsette, J. & Paisley, S. (2005) Winter feeding sites of hay in round bales as major developmental sites of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) in pastures in spring and summer. Journal of Economic Entomology, 98, 2307-2312.
Broce, A.B., Schwenke, J.R. & Hampton, K.E. (1991) Landing pattern of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on the Alsynite cylinder trap: effect of wind speed and direction. Journal of Medical Entomology, 28, 730-733.
Burden, F. & Thiemann, A. (2015) Donkeys are different. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 35, 376-382.
Cilek, J.E. (1999) Evaluation of various substances to increase adult Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) collections on Alsynite cylinder traps in North Florida. Journal of Medical Entomology, 36, 605-609.
Cook, D.F., Telfer, D.V., Lindsey, J.B. & Deyl, R.A. (2018) Substrates across horticultural and livestock industries that support the development of stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae). Austral Entomology, 57, 344-348.
Cortinas, R. & Jones, C.J. (2006) Ectoparasites of cattle and small ruminants. Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice, 22, 673-693.
Cruickshank, I. & Wall, R. (2002) Population dynamics of the sheep blowfly Lucilia sericata: seasonal patterns and implications for control. Journal of Applied Ecology, 39, 493-501.
Foil, L.D. & Younger, C.D. (2006) Development of treated targets for controlling stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae). Veterinary Parasitology, 137, 311-315.
Gersabeck, E.F. & Merritt, R.W. (1983) Vertical and temporal aspects of Alsynite panel sampling for adult Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)(Diptera: Muscidae). Florida Entomologist, 66, 222-227.
Gibson, G. & Torr, S.J. (1999) Visual and olfactory responses of haematophagous Diptera to host stimuli. Medical & Veterinary Entomology, 13, 2-23.
Guo, Y.J., Greene, G.L. & Butine, M.D. (1998) Population profile of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) caught on Alsynite traps in various feedlot habita. Journal of Economic Entomology, 91, 159-164.
Hafez, M. & Gamal-Eddin, F.M. (1959) Ecological studies on Stomoxys calcitrans L. and sitiens Rond, in Egypt, with suggestions on their control (Diptera: Muscidae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 43, 245-283.
Hall, M.J.R. & Wall, R. (2004) Biting flies: their role in the mechanical transmission of trypanosomes to livestock and methods for their control. The Trypanosomiases (ed. by I. Maudlin, P.H. Holmes & M.A. Miles). CABI Publishing, Wallingford.
Heath, A.C.G. (2002) Distribution, seasonality, and relative abundance of Stomoxys calcitrans (stablefly) (Diptera: Muscidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 50, 93-98.
Hogsette, J.A. & Ruff, J.P. (1990) Comparative attraction of four different fiberglass traps to various age and sex classes of stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) adults. Journal of Economic Entomology, 83, 883-886.
Jones, C.J., Milne, D.E., Patterson, R.S., Schreiber, E.T. & Milio, J.A. (1992) Nectar feeding by Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae): effects on reproduction and survival. Environmental Entomology, 21, 141-147.
Lysyk, T.J. (1993) Seasonal abundance of stable flies and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in dairies in Alberta, Canada. Journal of Medical Entomology, 30, 888-895.
Machtinger, E.T., Leppla, N.C. & Hogsette, J.A. (2016) House and stable fly seasonal abundance, larval development substrates, and natural parasitism on small equine farms in Florida. Neotropical Entomology, 45, 433-440.
Mail, T.S., Chadwick, J. & Lehane, M.J. (1983) Determining the age of adults of Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 73, 501-525.
Salem, A., Franc, M., Jacquiet, P., Bouhsira, E. & Liénard, E. (2012) Feeding and breeding aspects of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) under laboratory conditions. Parasite, 19, 309-317.
Showler, A.T. & Osbrink, W.L.A. (2015) Stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), dispersal and governing factors. International Journal of Insect Science, 7, 19-25.
Skovgård, H. & Nachman, G. (2012) Population dynamics of stable flies Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) at an organic dairy farm in Denmark based on mark-recapture with destructive sub-sampling. Environmental Entomology, 41, 20-29.
Taylor, D.B., Berkebile, D.R. & Scholl, P.J. (2007) Stable fly population dynamics in eastern Nebraska in relation to climatic variables. Journal of Medical Entomology, 44, 765-771.
Taylor, D.B., Moon, R.D., Campbell, J.B. et al. (2010) Dispersal of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) from larval development sites in a Nebraska landscape. Environmental Entomology, 39, 1101-1110.
Taylor, D.B., Moon, R.D. & Mark, D.R. (2012) Economic impact of stable flies (Diptera: Muscidae) on dairy and beef cattle production. Journal of Medical Entomology, 49, 198-209.
Taylor, D.B., Friesen, K. & Zhu, J. (2017) Precipitation and temperature effects on stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) population dynamics. Environmental Entomology, 46, 434-439.
Wall, R., Langley, P.A. & Morgan, K.L. (1991) Ovarian development and pteridine accumulation for age determination in the blowfly Lucilia sericata. Journal of Insect Physiology, 37, 863-868.
Warnes, M.L. & Finlayson, L.H. (1987) Effect of host behaviour on host preference in Stomoxys calcitrans. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 1, 53-57.
Williams, D.F. (1973) Sticky traps for sampling populations of Stomoxys calcitrans. Journal of Economic Entomology, 66, 1279-1280.