Prevalence and risk factors for selected canine vector-borne diseases in Greece.
Anaplasma
Anaplasmosis
/ epidemiology
Animals
Antibodies, Bacterial
/ blood
Antibodies, Helminth
/ blood
Bacterial Infections
/ veterinary
Borrelia burgdorferi
Dirofilaria immitis
Dirofilariasis
/ epidemiology
Disease Vectors
Dog Diseases
/ epidemiology
Dogs
Ehrlichia canis
Ehrlichiosis
/ epidemiology
Female
Greece
/ epidemiology
Humans
Lyme Disease
/ epidemiology
Parasitic Diseases, Animal
/ epidemiology
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Altitude
Climate
Dogs
Greece
Rainfall
Risk factors
Temperature
Vector-borne
Journal
Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
Titre abrégé: Parasit Vectors
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101462774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 Jun 2019
03 Jun 2019
Historique:
received:
22
01
2019
accepted:
29
05
2019
entrez:
5
6
2019
pubmed:
5
6
2019
medline:
9
8
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) represent a wide group of diseases of major significance for canine health. In addition to their veterinary importance, many of these diseases are of great zoonotic concern, posing a risk of potential transmission to humans. To date, there has been scant knowledge regarding the prevalence, distribution and risk factors of CVBDs in Greece. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to update the current knowledge on the seroprevalence of Dirofilaria immitis, Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) in dogs in Greece and, furthermore, to assess possible environmental and any other risk factors associated with these infections. A total of 1000 apparently healthy and randomly selected dogs, presented in veterinary clinics, were involved at the national level (n = 66 municipalities). Serum samples were obtained from each individual dog and were tested using the SNAP Overall, 21.8% (95% CI: 19.4-24.5%) of the sampled dogs were found to be seropositive to at least one of the four pathogens examined. The most prevalent pathogen was Ehrlichia spp. (12.5%, 95% CI: 10.6-14.7) followed by D. immitis (9.0%, 95% CI: 7.8-11.5) and Anaplasma spp. (6.2%, 95% CI: 4.9-7.9). The lowest prevalence (0.1%) was recorded for B. burgdorferi (s.l.) where only one dog was found to be positive. Among the examined risk factors, low mean temperature was found to increase the prevalence of Ehrlichia spp. (P ≤ 0.001) and Anaplasma spp. (P ≤ 0.001), while low minimum temperature increased the prevalence of D. immitis (P ≤ 0.001). In addition, low total annual rainfall had an effect of the prevalence of Ehrlichia spp. (P ≤ 0.01). Altitude also had a significant effect on the prevalence of D. immitis (P ≤ 0.05) and Anaplasma spp. (P ≤ 0.01). To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale seroepidemiological study of CVBDs in Greece. It has been evidenced that environmental factors such as temperature, rainfall and altitude can influence the prevalence and distribution of CVBDs.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) represent a wide group of diseases of major significance for canine health. In addition to their veterinary importance, many of these diseases are of great zoonotic concern, posing a risk of potential transmission to humans. To date, there has been scant knowledge regarding the prevalence, distribution and risk factors of CVBDs in Greece. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to update the current knowledge on the seroprevalence of Dirofilaria immitis, Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) in dogs in Greece and, furthermore, to assess possible environmental and any other risk factors associated with these infections. A total of 1000 apparently healthy and randomly selected dogs, presented in veterinary clinics, were involved at the national level (n = 66 municipalities). Serum samples were obtained from each individual dog and were tested using the SNAP
RESULTS
RESULTS
Overall, 21.8% (95% CI: 19.4-24.5%) of the sampled dogs were found to be seropositive to at least one of the four pathogens examined. The most prevalent pathogen was Ehrlichia spp. (12.5%, 95% CI: 10.6-14.7) followed by D. immitis (9.0%, 95% CI: 7.8-11.5) and Anaplasma spp. (6.2%, 95% CI: 4.9-7.9). The lowest prevalence (0.1%) was recorded for B. burgdorferi (s.l.) where only one dog was found to be positive. Among the examined risk factors, low mean temperature was found to increase the prevalence of Ehrlichia spp. (P ≤ 0.001) and Anaplasma spp. (P ≤ 0.001), while low minimum temperature increased the prevalence of D. immitis (P ≤ 0.001). In addition, low total annual rainfall had an effect of the prevalence of Ehrlichia spp. (P ≤ 0.01). Altitude also had a significant effect on the prevalence of D. immitis (P ≤ 0.05) and Anaplasma spp. (P ≤ 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale seroepidemiological study of CVBDs in Greece. It has been evidenced that environmental factors such as temperature, rainfall and altitude can influence the prevalence and distribution of CVBDs.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31159843
doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3543-3
pii: 10.1186/s13071-019-3543-3
pmc: PMC6547445
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antibodies, Bacterial
0
Antibodies, Helminth
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
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