APOBEC3s: DNA-editing human cytidine deaminases.
APOBEC
DNA binding
crystal structure
cytidine deaminase
gene editing
substrate specificity
Journal
Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society
ISSN: 1469-896X
Titre abrégé: Protein Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9211750
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2019
09 2019
Historique:
received:
09
05
2019
revised:
10
06
2019
accepted:
11
06
2019
pubmed:
27
6
2019
medline:
6
5
2020
entrez:
27
6
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Nucleic acid editing enzymes are essential components of the human immune system that lethally mutate viral pathogens and somatically mutate immunoglobulins. Among these enzymes are cytidine deaminases of the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) super family, each with unique target sequence specificity and subcellular localization. We focus on the DNA-editing APOBEC3 enzymes that have recently attracted attention because of their involvement in cancer and potential in gene-editing applications. We review and compare the crystal structures of APOBEC3 (A3) domains, binding interactions with DNA, substrate specificity, and activity. Recent crystal structures of A3A and A3G bound to ssDNA have provided insights into substrate binding and specificity determinants of these enzymes. Still many unknowns remain regarding potential cooperativity, nucleic acid interactions, and systematic quantification of substrate preference of many APOBEC3s, which are needed to better characterize the biological functions and consequences of misregulation of these gene editors.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31241202
doi: 10.1002/pro.3670
pmc: PMC6699113
doi:
Substances chimiques
DNA
9007-49-2
APOBEC Deaminases
EC 3.5.4.5
Types de publication
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1552-1566Subventions
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : F31 GM119931
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R01 AI150478
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : R01 GM118474
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2019 The Protein Society.
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