Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain Atrophy or Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Older Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes.

Aged Atrophy / etiology Brain Diseases / etiology Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases / etiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications Feeding Behavior Humans Middle Aged Risk Factors
brain MRI cognition dementia diet dietary patterns elderly geriatrics nutrition older adults type 2 diabetes

Journal

The Journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1541-6100
Titre abrégé: J Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0404243

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 10 2019
Historique:
received: 09 04 2019
revised: 23 04 2019
accepted: 27 05 2019
pubmed: 30 6 2019
medline: 24 6 2020
entrez: 30 6 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Unhealthy dietary patterns (DPs) are associated with poorer cognition, but few studies have investigated the underlying brain structural mechanisms. We aimed to examine the relations between DPs, brain structure, and cognition in older people with and without type 2 diabetes. This cross-sectional study consisted of a sample of people with (n = 343) and without type 2 diabetes (n = 346) aged 55-90 y. The 80-item Cancer Council of Victoria FFQ was used to assess dietary intake. Two DPs (prudent and traditional) for people with type 2 diabetes and 3 DPs (prudent, traditional, and Western) for those without type 2 diabetes were derived using principal component analysis. Neuropsychological tests assessed 6 cognitive domains. Brain MRI was performed to obtain gray, white matter, and hippocampal volumes and markers of small vessel disease (microbleeds, infarcts, and white matter hyperintensities). Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the cross-sectional associations between DPs, brain MRI, and cognitive variables. For those without type 2 diabetes, higher adherence to the Western DP was associated with lower gray matter volume (β = -3.03 95% CI: -5.67, -0.38; P = 0.03). The addition of a cardiovascular risk score, mood, and physical activity weakened associations such that they were no longer significant (β = -1.97 (95% CI: -4.68, 0.74) P = 0.15) for the Western DP. There were no significant associations for the other DPs in people with and without type 2 diabetes. In this cross-sectional study, DPs were not independently associated with brain structure in people with or without type 2 diabetes. Future prospective studies are needed to clarify the role of vascular risk factors on associations between DPs and brain health.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Unhealthy dietary patterns (DPs) are associated with poorer cognition, but few studies have investigated the underlying brain structural mechanisms.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to examine the relations between DPs, brain structure, and cognition in older people with and without type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study consisted of a sample of people with (n = 343) and without type 2 diabetes (n = 346) aged 55-90 y. The 80-item Cancer Council of Victoria FFQ was used to assess dietary intake. Two DPs (prudent and traditional) for people with type 2 diabetes and 3 DPs (prudent, traditional, and Western) for those without type 2 diabetes were derived using principal component analysis. Neuropsychological tests assessed 6 cognitive domains. Brain MRI was performed to obtain gray, white matter, and hippocampal volumes and markers of small vessel disease (microbleeds, infarcts, and white matter hyperintensities). Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the cross-sectional associations between DPs, brain MRI, and cognitive variables.
RESULTS
For those without type 2 diabetes, higher adherence to the Western DP was associated with lower gray matter volume (β = -3.03 95% CI: -5.67, -0.38; P = 0.03). The addition of a cardiovascular risk score, mood, and physical activity weakened associations such that they were no longer significant (β = -1.97 (95% CI: -4.68, 0.74) P = 0.15) for the Western DP. There were no significant associations for the other DPs in people with and without type 2 diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS
In this cross-sectional study, DPs were not independently associated with brain structure in people with or without type 2 diabetes. Future prospective studies are needed to clarify the role of vascular risk factors on associations between DPs and brain health.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz139 PMID: 31254348
pubmed: 31254348
pii: S0022-3166(22)16467-9
doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz139
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1805-1811

Informations de copyright

Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019.

Auteurs

Fateme Zabetian-Targhi (F)

Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

Velandai K Srikanth (VK)

Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Kylie J Smith (KJ)

Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

Wendy H Oddy (WH)

Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

Richard Beare (R)

Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Chris Moran (C)

Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Aged Care, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Wei Wang (W)

Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Michele L Callisaya (ML)

Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Sujet âgé › Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain...
questionsmedicales.fr › États, signes et symptômes pathologiques › États anatomopathologiques › Atrophie › Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies du système nerveux › Maladies du système nerveux central › Encéphalopathies › Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies cardiovasculaires › Maladies vasculaires › Angiopathies intracrâniennes › Maladies des petits vaisseaux cérébraux › Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies endocriniennes › Diabète › Diabète de type 2 › Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain...
questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes physiologiques › Alimentation et nutrition › Phénomènes physiologiques nutritionnels › Comportement alimentaire › Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adulte › Adulte d'âge moyen › Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Statistiques comme sujet › Probabilité › Risque › Facteurs de risque › Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Brain...