The epidemiology of drug use disorders cross-nationally: Findings from the WHO's World Mental Health Surveys.
Adolescent
Adult
Age Distribution
Cohort Studies
Cross-Cultural Comparison
Developed Countries
/ statistics & numerical data
Developing Countries
/ statistics & numerical data
Female
Health Surveys
Humans
Interviews as Topic
Male
Mental Disorders
/ epidemiology
Middle Aged
Prevalence
Sex Distribution
Substance-Related Disorders
/ epidemiology
Young Adult
Abuse
Dependence
Drugs
Epidemiology
World Mental Health Surveys
Journal
The International journal on drug policy
ISSN: 1873-4758
Titre abrégé: Int J Drug Policy
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9014759
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2019
09 2019
Historique:
received:
26
10
2018
revised:
08
03
2019
accepted:
19
03
2019
pubmed:
1
7
2019
medline:
8
5
2020
entrez:
1
7
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Illicit drug use and associated disease burden are estimated to have increased over the past few decades, but large gaps remain in our knowledge of the extent of use of these drugs, and especially the extent of problem or dependent use, hampering confident cross-national comparisons. The World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys Initiative involves a standardised method for assessing mental and substance use disorders via structured diagnostic interviews in representative community samples of adults. We conducted cross-national comparisons of the prevalence and correlates of drug use disorders (DUDs) in countries of varied economic, social and cultural nature. DSM-IV DUDs were assessed in 27 WMH surveys in 25 countries. Across surveys, the prevalence of lifetime DUD was 3.5%, 0.7% in the past year. Lifetime DUD prevalence increased with country income: 0.9% in low/lower-middle income countries, 2.5% in upper-middle income countries, 4.8% in high-income countries. Significant differences in 12-month prevalence of DUDs were found across country in income groups in the entire cohort, but not when limited to users. DUDs were more common among men than women and younger than older respondents. Among those with a DUD and at least one other mental disorder, onset of the DUD was usually preceded by the 'other' mental disorder. Substantial cross-national differences in DUD prevalence were found, reflecting myriad social, environmental, legal and other influences. Nonetheless, patterns of course and correlates of DUDs were strikingly consistent. These findings provide foundational data on country-level comparisons of DUDs.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Illicit drug use and associated disease burden are estimated to have increased over the past few decades, but large gaps remain in our knowledge of the extent of use of these drugs, and especially the extent of problem or dependent use, hampering confident cross-national comparisons. The World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys Initiative involves a standardised method for assessing mental and substance use disorders via structured diagnostic interviews in representative community samples of adults. We conducted cross-national comparisons of the prevalence and correlates of drug use disorders (DUDs) in countries of varied economic, social and cultural nature.
METHODS AND FINDINGS
DSM-IV DUDs were assessed in 27 WMH surveys in 25 countries. Across surveys, the prevalence of lifetime DUD was 3.5%, 0.7% in the past year. Lifetime DUD prevalence increased with country income: 0.9% in low/lower-middle income countries, 2.5% in upper-middle income countries, 4.8% in high-income countries. Significant differences in 12-month prevalence of DUDs were found across country in income groups in the entire cohort, but not when limited to users. DUDs were more common among men than women and younger than older respondents. Among those with a DUD and at least one other mental disorder, onset of the DUD was usually preceded by the 'other' mental disorder.
CONCLUSIONS
Substantial cross-national differences in DUD prevalence were found, reflecting myriad social, environmental, legal and other influences. Nonetheless, patterns of course and correlates of DUDs were strikingly consistent. These findings provide foundational data on country-level comparisons of DUDs.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31255918
pii: S0955-3959(19)30055-6
doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.03.002
pmc: PMC7370948
mid: NIHMS1602019
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
103-112Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA016558
Pays : United States
Organisme : FIC NIH HHS
ID : R03 TW006481
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH069864
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH061905
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : U01 MH060220
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH070884
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : R01 DA044170
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH059575
Pays : United States
Organisme : World Health Organization
ID : 001
Pays : International
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R13 MH066849
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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