Standard Fixed-Schedule Methadone Taper Versus Symptom-Triggered Methadone Approach for Treatment of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.

We compared hospitalization outcomes in infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) treated with a novel symptom-triggered methadone approach (STMA) versus a fixed-schedule methadone taper (FSMT). This was a single-center quality-improvement study of infants pharmacologically treated for NOWS. Outcomes were compared over time by using statistical process control charts and between the baseline FSMT (July 2016-November 2017) and intervention STMA (December 2017-May 2018) groups, including median hospital length of stay (LOS), methadone treatment days, total milligrams of methadone, and need for adjunctive agents. There were 48 infants in the FSMT group and 28 in the STMA group. Infants treated with STMA had a median LOS of 10.5 days (interquartile range [IQR] 10.5) versus 17.0 days (IQR 3.9; STMA was associated with a significant reduction in median LOS and amount of methadone treatment. A symptom-triggered approach to NOWS may reduce LOS and medication exposure.

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Copyright © 2019 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors have indicated they have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.