First outbreak of myxomatosis in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis).
Epidemiology
Iberian hare
Spain
high mortality
myxoma virus
Journal
Transboundary and emerging diseases
ISSN: 1865-1682
Titre abrégé: Transbound Emerg Dis
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101319538
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2019
Nov 2019
Historique:
received:
14
05
2019
revised:
11
06
2019
accepted:
03
07
2019
pubmed:
12
7
2019
medline:
14
2
2020
entrez:
12
7
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Myxomatosis is an infectious disease caused by myxoma virus (MYXV; genus Leporipoxvirus), which affects the European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and sporadically brown hares (Lepus europaeus). Here, we describe the first outbreak of myxomatosis in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis). Between mid-July and the end of September 2018, around 530 dead animals were detected in Iberian hare populations in southern Spain. The apparent mean mortality rate was 56.7%, and the estimated mean case fatality rate was 69.2%. Histopathological and molecular results confirmed MYXV infections in all hares analysed. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first myxomatosis outbreak causing a high mortality in hares and the first detailed characterization of a myxomatosis outbreak in the Iberian hare. The absence of cases in sympatric wild rabbits suggests differences in the susceptibility between both lagomorph species to the virus strain implicated in the outbreak. After the first case, the number of affected areas increased sharply affecting most of the Iberian Peninsula where the Iberian hare is present. Further studies are required to elucidate the origin of the implicated MYXV strain as well as to assess the impact of this outbreak on the Iberian hare populations.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2204-2208Informations de copyright
© 2019 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
Références
Barlow, A., Lawrence, K., Everest, D., Dastjerdi, A., Finnegan, C., & Steinbach, F. (2014). Confirmation of myxomatosis in a European brown hare in Great Britain: Myxomatosis. Veterinary Record, 175(3), 75-76. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.g4621
Best, S. M., & Kerr, P. J. (2000). Coevolution of host and virus: the pathogenesis of virulent and attenuated strains of myxoma virus in resistant and susceptible European rabbits. Virology, 267(1), 36-48. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1999.0104
Calvete, C., Estrada, R., Villafuerte, R., Osácar, J. J., & Lucientes, J. (2002). Epidemiology of viral haemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis in a free-living population of wild rabbits. Veterinary Record, 150(25), 776-782. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.150.25.776
Cavadini, P., Botti, G., Barbieri, I., Lavazza, A., & Capucci, L. (2010). Molecular characterization of SG33 and Borghi vaccines used against myxomatosis. Vaccine, 28(33), 5414-5420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.017
Collins, J. J. (1955). Myomatosis in the common hare. Irish Veterinary Journal, 9, 268.
Dalton, K. P., Abrantes, J., Lopes, A. M., Nicieza, I., Alvarez, A. L., Esteves, P. J., & Parra, F. (2015). Complete genome sequence of two rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus variant b isolates detected on the Iberian Peninsula. Archives of Virology, 160(3), 877-881. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-014-2329-3
Delibes-Mateos, M., Redpath, S. M., Angulo, E., Ferreras, P., & Villafuerte, R. (2007). Rabbits as a keystone species in southern Europe. Biological Conservation, 137(1), 149-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2007.01.024
Fenner, F., & Fantini, B. (1999). Biological control of vertebrate pests: The history of myxomatosis, an experimental in evolution. Oxon, UK: CABI Publishing Wallingford.
Fenner, F., & Ratcliffe, F. N. (1965). Myxomatosis. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
García-Bocanegra, I., Astorga, R. J., Napp, S., Casal, J., Huerta, B., Borge, C., & Arenas, A. (2010). Myxomatosis in wild rabbit: design of control programs in mediterranean ecosystems. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 93(1), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2009.09.013
Joubert, L., Duclos, P., & Tuaillon, P. (1982). La myxomatoses des garennes dans le sud-est: la myxomatose amyxomateuse. Revue de Médecine Vétérinarie, 133, 739-753.
Kerr, P., Liu, J., Cattadori, I., Ghedin, E., Read, A., & Holmes, E. (2015). Myxoma virus and the leporipoxviruses: An evolutionary paradigm. Viruses, 7(3), 1020-1061. https://doi.org/10.3390/v7031020
Lucas, A., Bouley, G., Quinchon, C., & Tocas, L. (1953). La myxomatose du lievre. Bulletin de l'Office International des Epizooties, 39, 770-776.
Marlier, D., Mainil, J., Linde, A., & Vindevogel, H. (2000a). Infectious agents associated with rabbit pneumonia: Isolation of amyxomatous myxoma virus strains. The Veterinary Journal, 159(2), 171-178. https://doi.org/10.1053/tvjl.1999.0413
Marlier, D., Mainil, J., Sulon, J., Beckers, J. F., Linden, A., & Vindevogel, H. (2000b). Study of the virulence of five strains of amyxomatous myxoma virus in crossbred New Zealand White/Californian conventional rabbits, with evidence of long-term testicular infection in recovered animals. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 122(2-3), 101-113. https://doi.org/10.1053/jcpa.1999.0345
OIE. (2018). Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals. Chapter 3.1.22. Paris, France: World Organization for Animal Health. Retrieved from http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/3.01.22_TULAREMIA.pdf (Accessed 13th May 2019).
RASVE, Red de, Alerta Sanitaria Veterinaria. Ministerio de Agricultura y Pesca, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente (MAPAMA). (2019). Retrieved from https://www.mapa.gob.es/es/ganaderia/temas/sanidad-animal-higiene-ganadera/notamixomatosis05042019_tcm30-482844.pdf (Accessed 13th May 2019).
Ros Bascuñana, C., Nowotny, N., & Belák, S. (1997). Detection and differentiation of rabbit hemorrhagic disease and European brown hare syndrome viruses by amplification of VP60 genomic sequences from fresh and fixed tissue specimens. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 35(10), 2492-2495.
Velarde, R., Cavadini, P., Neimanis, A., Cabezón, O., Chiari, M., Gaffuri, A., … Capucci, L. (2017). Spillover events of infection of brown hares (Lepus europaeus) with rabbit haemorrhagic disease type 2 virus (RHDV 2) caused sporadic cases of an european brown hare syndrome-like disease in Italy and Spain. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 64(6), 1750-1761. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.12562
Versage, J. L., Severin, D. D., Chu, M. C., & Petersen, J. M. (2003). Development of a multitarget real-time TaqMan PCR assay for enhanced detection of Francisella tularensis in complex specimens. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 41(12), 5492-5499. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.12.5492-5499.2003
Wibbelt, G., & Frölich, K. (2005). Infectious diseases in European brown hare (Lepus europaeus). Wildlife Biology in Practice, 1(1), 86-93. https://doi.org/10.2461/wbp.2005.1.11