High-Protein Diets for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.
diet
diet therapy
medical nutrition therapy
protein
type 2 diabetes mellitus
Journal
Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
ISSN: 2156-5376
Titre abrégé: Adv Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101540874
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 07 2019
01 07 2019
Historique:
received:
04
09
2018
revised:
02
11
2018
accepted:
02
01
2019
entrez:
16
7
2019
pubmed:
16
7
2019
medline:
21
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Diet has the potential to be a powerful and cost-effective tool for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). High-protein diets have shown promise for this purpose. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate whether high-protein diets improve glycemic outcomes in people with T2D. We conducted a systematic search of literature published prior to 1 February 2018 to find clinical studies of high-protein diet patterns for treatment of T2D in human participants. A high-protein diet was defined as a diet with protein content greater than that of a typical diet in the United States (>16% of total energy as protein). Studies were excluded if weight loss >5% occurred or if no glycemic outcomes were measured. A total of 21 independent articles met our criteria and were included. Most tested diets had a protein content of around 30% of total energy. Many studies supported the use of high-protein diets for patients with T2D, but were limited by small size (n = 8-32) and short duration (1-24 wk). Randomized controlled trials tended to be larger (n = 12-419) and longer (6 wk-2 y), and had mixed results, with many trials showing no difference between a high-protein diet and control. Many randomized controlled trials were limited by low compliance and high dropout rates >15%. There were no consistent beneficial or detrimental effects of high-protein diets on renal or cardiovascular outcomes. Evidence was insufficient to recommend 1 type of protein (plant or animal) over the other. Our review suggests that interventions to improve compliance with diet change over the long term may be equally important as specific macronutrient recommendations for treatment of T2D.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31305905
pii: S2161-8313(22)00405-7
doi: 10.1093/advances/nmz002
pmc: PMC6628842
doi:
Substances chimiques
Blood Glucose
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
621-633Subventions
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : KL2 TR002492
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR002494
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019.
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