Web-Based Prescription Opioid Abuse Prevention for Adolescents: Program Development and Formative Evaluation.
adolescent
internet
opioids
prevention and control
randomized controlled trial
Journal
JMIR formative research
ISSN: 2561-326X
Titre abrégé: JMIR Form Res
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 101726394
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
19 Jul 2019
19 Jul 2019
Historique:
received:
02
10
2018
accepted:
29
05
2019
revised:
24
05
2019
entrez:
21
7
2019
pubmed:
22
7
2019
medline:
22
7
2019
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The unprecedented number of youths engaged in nonmedical use of prescription opioids (POs), as well as the myriad negative consequences of such misuse, emphasizes the importance of prevention efforts targeting this public health crisis. Although there are several science-based, interactive drug abuse prevention programs focused on preventing the use of nonprescription drugs in youths, to our knowledge, there are no science-based interactive programs that focus on the prevention of PO abuse among adolescents. The aim of this study was to develop and conduct a formative evaluation of a science-based interactive Web-based program focused on the prevention of PO abuse among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (Pop4Teens). This study was conducted to prepare for a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of Pop4Teens compared with an active control website, JustThinkTwice.com (Drug Enforcement Administration), in impacting knowledge and attitudes about POs and perceptions of risk associated with the abuse of POs, as well as intentions to use and actual use of POs. We conducted 6 focus groups with 30 youths (a mean of 5 per group: the eligibility being aged 12-19 years) along a continuum of exposure to POs (in treatment for opioid use disorder, in general treatment for other substance use disorder, prescribed an opioid, and opioid-naïve) and writing sessions with 30 youths in treatment for opioid use disorder (12-19 years) to inform the development of the Web-based prevention tool. Feasibility and acceptability of a prototype of the Web-based intervention were then assessed through individual feedback sessions with 57 youths (drawn from the same populations as the focus groups). We successfully completed the development of a Web-based PO abuse prevention program (Pop4Teens). Analyses of focus group transcripts informed the development of the program (eg, quiz content/format, script writing, and story editing). Selected writing session narratives anchored the planned scientific content by lending credibility and informing the development of compelling storylines intended to motivate the youth to engage with the program. Feedback session data indicated that the Web-based tool could be potentially useful and acceptable. In addition, feedback session participants demonstrated significant increases in their knowledge of key topics related to the prevention of PO abuse after the exposure to sections of the Web-based program. The opioid crisis is predicted to get worse before it gets better. An effective response will likely require a multipronged strategy inclusive of effective evidence-based prevention programs acceptable to, and accessible by, a majority of youths.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The unprecedented number of youths engaged in nonmedical use of prescription opioids (POs), as well as the myriad negative consequences of such misuse, emphasizes the importance of prevention efforts targeting this public health crisis. Although there are several science-based, interactive drug abuse prevention programs focused on preventing the use of nonprescription drugs in youths, to our knowledge, there are no science-based interactive programs that focus on the prevention of PO abuse among adolescents.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to develop and conduct a formative evaluation of a science-based interactive Web-based program focused on the prevention of PO abuse among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (Pop4Teens). This study was conducted to prepare for a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of Pop4Teens compared with an active control website, JustThinkTwice.com (Drug Enforcement Administration), in impacting knowledge and attitudes about POs and perceptions of risk associated with the abuse of POs, as well as intentions to use and actual use of POs.
METHODS
METHODS
We conducted 6 focus groups with 30 youths (a mean of 5 per group: the eligibility being aged 12-19 years) along a continuum of exposure to POs (in treatment for opioid use disorder, in general treatment for other substance use disorder, prescribed an opioid, and opioid-naïve) and writing sessions with 30 youths in treatment for opioid use disorder (12-19 years) to inform the development of the Web-based prevention tool. Feasibility and acceptability of a prototype of the Web-based intervention were then assessed through individual feedback sessions with 57 youths (drawn from the same populations as the focus groups).
RESULTS
RESULTS
We successfully completed the development of a Web-based PO abuse prevention program (Pop4Teens). Analyses of focus group transcripts informed the development of the program (eg, quiz content/format, script writing, and story editing). Selected writing session narratives anchored the planned scientific content by lending credibility and informing the development of compelling storylines intended to motivate the youth to engage with the program. Feedback session data indicated that the Web-based tool could be potentially useful and acceptable. In addition, feedback session participants demonstrated significant increases in their knowledge of key topics related to the prevention of PO abuse after the exposure to sections of the Web-based program.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The opioid crisis is predicted to get worse before it gets better. An effective response will likely require a multipronged strategy inclusive of effective evidence-based prevention programs acceptable to, and accessible by, a majority of youths.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31325289
pii: v3i3e12389
doi: 10.2196/12389
pmc: PMC6676791
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
e12389Subventions
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : P30 DA029926
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
©Sarah K Moore, Michael Grabinski, Sarah Bessen, Jacob T Borodovsky, Lisa A Marsch. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (http://formative.jmir.org), 19.07.2019.
Références
Addict Behav. 2000 Nov-Dec;25(6):887-97
pubmed: 11125777
Addict Behav. 2002 Nov-Dec;27(6):1009-23
pubmed: 12369469
Prev Med. 2003 Nov;37(5):451-74
pubmed: 14572430
Health Educ Res. 2003 Dec;18(6):729-42
pubmed: 14654505
Am Psychol. 1992 Nov;47(11):1475-90
pubmed: 1482008
J Am Coll Health. 2006 Mar-Apr;54(5):269-78
pubmed: 16539219
N Engl J Med. 2006 Apr 6;354(14):1448-50
pubmed: 16598042
Addiction. 2007 Dec;102(12):1920-30
pubmed: 17916222
Adolesc Med State Art Rev. 2007 Aug;18(2):342-56, xii
pubmed: 18605650
Prev Sci. 2008 Sep;9(3):191-201
pubmed: 18633709
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2009 Mar;34(4):912-22
pubmed: 18784649
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009 Jan;70(1):70-7
pubmed: 19118394
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2009 Mar;43(3):201-7
pubmed: 19221908
Addiction. 2009 Apr;104(4):564-75
pubmed: 19335655
Prev Med. 2009 Jun;48(6):579-84
pubmed: 19389420
Prev Med. 2009 Nov;49(5):429-35
pubmed: 19682490
Prev Sci. 2010 Mar;11(1):24-32
pubmed: 19728091
Addiction. 2009 Nov;104(11):1807-19
pubmed: 19744139
Addiction. 2010 Apr;105(4):749-59
pubmed: 20148791
Subst Use Misuse. 2011;46(1):35-45
pubmed: 21190404
Pain. 2011 Aug;152(8):1803-10
pubmed: 21531077
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1990 Aug;58(4):425-31
pubmed: 2212179
Adolesc Med State Art Rev. 2011 Dec;22(3):649-69, xiv
pubmed: 22423469
Behav Anal. 1996 Fall;19(2):163-97
pubmed: 22478257
Behav Anal. 1996 Fall;19(2):289-92
pubmed: 22478265
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2012 Sep 1;166(9):797-802
pubmed: 22566521
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2013 Mar;32(2):115-23
pubmed: 23039085
J Adolesc Health. 2013 Apr;52(4):480-5
pubmed: 23298996
J Dual Diagn. 2013;9(1):101-103
pubmed: 23599690
Subst Use Misuse. 2014 Feb;49(3):303-14
pubmed: 24041131
Int J Drug Policy. 2014 Mar;25(2):257-66
pubmed: 24238956
Addiction. 2014 May;109(5):786-97
pubmed: 24372937
JAMA Psychiatry. 2014 Jul 1;71(7):821-6
pubmed: 24871348
Subst Abus. 2014;35(4):387-90
pubmed: 25148203
J Ment Health Policy Econ. 2015 Mar;18(1):3-15
pubmed: 25862204
Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2015 Feb 24;10:5
pubmed: 25928221
J Pediatr. 2015 Sep;167(3):605-12.e1-2
pubmed: 26054942
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jun 19;64(23):631-5
pubmed: 26086633
J Interpers Violence. 2017 Oct;32(19):2929-2954
pubmed: 26240068
J Addict Med. 2015 Sep-Oct;9(5):376-82
pubmed: 26291544
Pediatrics. 2015 Nov;136(5):e1169-77
pubmed: 26504126
PeerJ. 2015 Oct 20;3:e1340
pubmed: 26623183
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 Jan 1;158:132-8
pubmed: 26653341
Res Soc Work Pract. 2016 Jan 1;26(1):8-13
pubmed: 26778909
N Engl J Med. 2016 Apr 14;374(15):1480-5
pubmed: 26845291
N Engl J Med. 2016 Sep 1;375(9):813-5
pubmed: 27579632
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2016 Oct;25(4):755-68
pubmed: 27613350
J Adolesc Health. 2016 Oct;59(4S):S61-S75
pubmed: 27664597
West J Emerg Med. 2016 Nov;17(6):686-689
pubmed: 27833673
N Engl J Med. 2016 Dec 22;375(25):2413-2415
pubmed: 27959718
J Med Internet Res. 2016 Dec 16;18(12):e317
pubmed: 27986647
BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 Jun 20;17(1):420
pubmed: 28633638
J Youth Adolesc. 2018 Mar;47(3):490-500
pubmed: 28755247
Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2018 Aug;32:80-96
pubmed: 29559216
MMWR Surveill Summ. 2018 Jun 15;67(8):1-114
pubmed: 29902162
J Med Internet Res. 2018 Aug 23;20(8):e255
pubmed: 30139724
JAMA Netw Open. 2018 Dec 7;1(8):e186558
pubmed: 30646334
Psychol Rev. 1977 Mar;84(2):191-215
pubmed: 847061