Socioeconomic determinants of leprosy new case detection in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort: a population-based linkage study.


Journal

The Lancet. Global health
ISSN: 2214-109X
Titre abrégé: Lancet Glob Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101613665

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
09 2019
Historique:
received: 19 02 2019
revised: 17 05 2019
accepted: 17 05 2019
pubmed: 25 7 2019
medline: 27 5 2020
entrez: 24 7 2019
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Although leprosy is recognised as a disease of poverty, there is little evidence on the specific socioeconomic factors associated with disease risk. To inform targeted strategies for disease elimination, we investigated socioeconomic markers of leprosy risk in Brazil. Socioeconomic data from the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort were linked to the Brazilian national disease registry (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação) for leprosy from Jan 1, 2007, to Dec 31, 2014. Using Poisson regression, we assessed the association of socioeconomic factors with risk of incident leprosy in the full cohort and in children (aged 0-15 years), by leprosy subtype and region of residence. In an analysis of 23 899 942 individuals including 18 518 patients with leprosy, increased levels of deprivation were associated with an increased risk of leprosy in Brazil. Directions of effect were consistent in children younger than 15 years and across disease subtypes. Individuals residing in regions with the highest poverty in the country (central-west, north, and northeast regions) had a risk of leprosy incidence five-to-eight times greater than did other individuals. Decreased levels of income and education and factors reflecting unfavourable living conditions were associated with an up to two-times increase in leprosy incidence (incidence rate ratio 1·46, 95% CI 1·32-1·62, for lowest vs highest quartile of income per capita; 2·09, 95% CI 1·62-2·72, for lowest vs highest level of education). Within the poorest half of the Brazilian population, the most deprived individuals have the greatest risk of leprosy. Strategies focusing on early detection and treatment in the poorest populations could contribute substantially to global disease control. Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brazil), the Conselho Nacional das Fundações Estaduais de Amparo à Pesquisa, Economic and Social Research Council, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, and Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Although leprosy is recognised as a disease of poverty, there is little evidence on the specific socioeconomic factors associated with disease risk. To inform targeted strategies for disease elimination, we investigated socioeconomic markers of leprosy risk in Brazil.
METHODS
Socioeconomic data from the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort were linked to the Brazilian national disease registry (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação) for leprosy from Jan 1, 2007, to Dec 31, 2014. Using Poisson regression, we assessed the association of socioeconomic factors with risk of incident leprosy in the full cohort and in children (aged 0-15 years), by leprosy subtype and region of residence.
FINDINGS
In an analysis of 23 899 942 individuals including 18 518 patients with leprosy, increased levels of deprivation were associated with an increased risk of leprosy in Brazil. Directions of effect were consistent in children younger than 15 years and across disease subtypes. Individuals residing in regions with the highest poverty in the country (central-west, north, and northeast regions) had a risk of leprosy incidence five-to-eight times greater than did other individuals. Decreased levels of income and education and factors reflecting unfavourable living conditions were associated with an up to two-times increase in leprosy incidence (incidence rate ratio 1·46, 95% CI 1·32-1·62, for lowest vs highest quartile of income per capita; 2·09, 95% CI 1·62-2·72, for lowest vs highest level of education).
INTERPRETATION
Within the poorest half of the Brazilian population, the most deprived individuals have the greatest risk of leprosy. Strategies focusing on early detection and treatment in the poorest populations could contribute substantially to global disease control.
FUNDING
Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brazil), the Conselho Nacional das Fundações Estaduais de Amparo à Pesquisa, Economic and Social Research Council, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, and Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal.

Identifiants

pubmed: 31331811
pii: S2214-109X(19)30260-8
doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30260-8
pmc: PMC6688099
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e1226-e1236

Subventions

Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/N017250/1
Pays : United Kingdom

Commentaires et corrections

Type : CommentIn

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

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Auteurs

Joilda Silva Nery (JS)

Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil. Electronic address: joildanery@gmail.com.

Anna Ramond (A)

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Julia Moreira Pescarini (JM)

Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.

André Alves (A)

Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.

Agostino Strina (A)

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.

Maria Yury Ichihara (MY)

Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.

Maria Lucia Fernandes Penna (ML)

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Federal University Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Liam Smeeth (L)

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Laura C Rodrigues (LC)

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Mauricio L Barreto (ML)

Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.

Elizabeth B Brickley (EB)

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Gerson Oliveira Penna (GO)

Tropical Medicine Centre, University of Brasília, Fiocruz School of Goverment Brasília, Brazil.

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Classifications MeSH