Effects of Varying Lengths and Diameters During Straw Phonation on an Excised Canine Model.
Excised larynges
Phonation threshold pressure
Semi-occluded vocal tract
Straw phonation
Journal
Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation
ISSN: 1873-4588
Titre abrégé: J Voice
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8712262
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2021
Jan 2021
Historique:
received:
09
05
2019
revised:
29
06
2019
accepted:
01
07
2019
pubmed:
30
7
2019
medline:
29
7
2021
entrez:
30
7
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Straw phonation, a well-established method of vocal exercise, started over 100 years ago. However, some of the most basic questions about best practices remain including the ideal extension length and the ideal restriction (semiocclusion) diameter. This study aims to help answer these questions by looking at both separately, with all other variables controlled. Four (4) straws with lengths of 5, 25, 50, and 75 centimeters and 4 restrictions with diameters of 3, 9, 15, and 21 mm were tested, separately. They were attached to the end of a simulated vocal tract which was then affixed to an excised canine larynx. Airflow was increased until the larynges achieved self-sustained phonation then aerodynamic, acoustic, and electroglottographic data were collected. There was a significant decrease in the phonation threshold pressure using the 5 and 25 cm straw lengths and the 9 and 15 mm restrictions. The phonation threshold flow and contact quotient saw insignificant changes, except in the case of the 3 mm restriction. It is theorized that the increased inertive reactance helps to decrease phonation threshold pressure. By controlling for all other variables, the effects of the length or diameter of the straw can be analyzed in isolation. These results narrow the significant range of lengths and diameters used in straw phonation.
Sections du résumé
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND
OBJECTIVE
Straw phonation, a well-established method of vocal exercise, started over 100 years ago. However, some of the most basic questions about best practices remain including the ideal extension length and the ideal restriction (semiocclusion) diameter. This study aims to help answer these questions by looking at both separately, with all other variables controlled.
METHODS
METHODS
Four (4) straws with lengths of 5, 25, 50, and 75 centimeters and 4 restrictions with diameters of 3, 9, 15, and 21 mm were tested, separately. They were attached to the end of a simulated vocal tract which was then affixed to an excised canine larynx. Airflow was increased until the larynges achieved self-sustained phonation then aerodynamic, acoustic, and electroglottographic data were collected.
RESULTS
RESULTS
There was a significant decrease in the phonation threshold pressure using the 5 and 25 cm straw lengths and the 9 and 15 mm restrictions. The phonation threshold flow and contact quotient saw insignificant changes, except in the case of the 3 mm restriction.
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
It is theorized that the increased inertive reactance helps to decrease phonation threshold pressure. By controlling for all other variables, the effects of the length or diameter of the straw can be analyzed in isolation. These results narrow the significant range of lengths and diameters used in straw phonation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31353125
pii: S0892-1997(19)30202-4
doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.001
pmc: PMC6981038
mid: NIHMS1535780
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
85-93Subventions
Organisme : NIDCD NIH HHS
ID : R01 DC015906
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.