The effect of short-term exposure to the natural environment on depressive mood: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Built environment
Depression
Green space
Meta-analysis
Natural environment
Systematic review
Journal
Environmental research
ISSN: 1096-0953
Titre abrégé: Environ Res
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 0147621
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2019
10 2019
Historique:
received:
23
05
2019
revised:
22
07
2019
accepted:
23
07
2019
pubmed:
31
7
2019
medline:
16
4
2020
entrez:
31
7
2019
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Research suggests that exposure to the natural environment can improve mood, however, current reviews are limited in scope and there is little understanding of moderators. To conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for the effect of short-term exposure to the natural environment on depressive mood. Five databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published up to March 2018. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) tool 1.0 and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool where appropriate. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of evidence overall. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. 20 potential moderators of the effect size were coded and the machine learning-based MetaForest algorithm was used to identify relevant moderators. These were then entered into a meta-regression. 33 studies met the inclusion criteria. Effect sizes ranged from -2.30 to 0.84, with an unweighted mean effect size of M A small effect was found for reduction in depressive mood following exposure to the natural environment. However, the high risk of bias and low quality of studies limits confidence in the results. The variation in effect size also remains largely unexplained. It is recommended that future studies make use of reporting guidelines and aim to reduce the potential for bias where possible.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Research suggests that exposure to the natural environment can improve mood, however, current reviews are limited in scope and there is little understanding of moderators.
OBJECTIVE
To conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for the effect of short-term exposure to the natural environment on depressive mood.
METHODS
Five databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published up to March 2018. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (ROB) tool 1.0 and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool where appropriate. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of evidence overall. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. 20 potential moderators of the effect size were coded and the machine learning-based MetaForest algorithm was used to identify relevant moderators. These were then entered into a meta-regression.
RESULTS
33 studies met the inclusion criteria. Effect sizes ranged from -2.30 to 0.84, with an unweighted mean effect size of M
CONCLUSIONS
A small effect was found for reduction in depressive mood following exposure to the natural environment. However, the high risk of bias and low quality of studies limits confidence in the results. The variation in effect size also remains largely unexplained. It is recommended that future studies make use of reporting guidelines and aim to reduce the potential for bias where possible.
Identifiants
pubmed: 31362251
pii: S0013-9351(19)30403-7
doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108606
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
108606Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.